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I. Development of the Northwest Economy: 1800-The Great Depression

Explore the development of the Northwest economy from Native settlement to modern trends including timber, mining, agriculture, and high-tech manufacturing. Learn about the historic forces and patterns shaping Washington’s economic landscape.

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I. Development of the Northwest Economy: 1800-The Great Depression

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  1. I. Development of the Northwest Economy: 1800-The Great Depression • Native settlement – coastal & interior • The Fur Trade Era • Overland Settlers: The Oregon Trail • Fish • Timber • Agriculture • Local Mining and The Alaska Gold Rush • Railroads • The great conservation movement at the end of the 19th century

  2. Map of Hudson’s Bay Trade Source: Mackie, Trading Beyond the Mountains

  3. Location of Lumber Mills 1850-1880

  4. The Great Railroad Boom: 1883-1929 Northern Pacific Land Grant

  5. Completion of Northern Pacific Railroad Connection, 1883

  6. Asian Crew Constructing Log Loading Station, Ca. 1910

  7. Steam Donkey Yarding Logs, 1910

  8. Timber Drives Development in Washington Up to 1930

  9. Horse-drawn Combine in the Palouse, 1909

  10. Fishing at Celilo Falls, Columbia River (n.d.) Source: UW Libraries Digital Collections - Industries & Occupations Collection

  11. Scow Fish Wheel Columbia River (n.d.) Source: UW Libraries Digital Collections - Industries & Occupations Collection

  12. Brailing Salmon From a Fish Trap, Possibly Puget Sound (n.d.) Source: UW Libraries Digital Collections - Industries & Occupations Collection

  13. Gold Mining at Monte Cristo 1906: Photo by Ashael Curtis

  14. Alaska Gold Rush July 17, 1897 the steamer Portland arrived in Seattle with a “ton of gold,” That actually turned out to be two tons of gold.

  15. Routes to the Klondike

  16. Closing the Frontier • Establishment of National Forests • Designation of National Parks • Repeal of Public Land Disposal Laws (except Mining Laws of 1872) • Land Grants to States

  17. Non-Economic Forces Related to Early Settlement (Johansen) • Nationalism • Escape harsh weather (of the midwest) • Escape the slavery problem • Reap the bounty of a new land • Accept offer of free land • To be a “frontiersman”

  18. II. Modern Settlement Forces and Patterns: WW-II to Present • Depression-era public works & Columbia-Snake River Hydropower system development through the 1970’s • Growth of High-Tech Manufacturing • Rise of the Service Economy • Emergence of Government in the economic base • Current demographic trends

  19. The Historic and Modern Role of Timber in the Washington Economy Labor productivity clearly evident

  20. Washington State Employment

  21. Share of Washington State Jobs

  22. Employment Trend - Technology Based Industries-Washington State 1974-2011

  23. The Growth of Nonearnings Income (Transfer payments, Dividends, Interest, Rent)

  24. Non-Earnings Income Trend:It is now a substitute for work in many regional economy’s economic base

  25. Stability in Shares of Regional Population Since 1920

  26. Metropolitan Population Shares Have Continued to Increase (2009 metro definitions)

  27. Metro Growth Rates Have Consistently Outpaced Nonmetro Growth Rates Based on 2009 Definitions of Metro and Nonmetro

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