TYPHOON VONGFONG HITS JAPAN AND CYCLONE HUDHUD HITS INDIA October 12, 2014

1. TYPHOON VONGFONG HITS JAPAN AND CYCLONE HUDHUD HITS INDIAOctober 12, 2014 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 

2. SEVERE WINDSTORMS TROPICAL STORMS, HURRICANES, TYPHOONS, AND CYCLONES

3. SEVERE WINDSTORMS: HURRICANES • In the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and Eastern Pacific areas cyclonic tropical storms with well-formed central “eyes” and with wind speeds above 74 mph are referred to as HURRICANES.

5. 1325 HURRICANES: DYNAMIC LABORATORIES FOR LEARNING • EACH HURRICANE TEACHES IMPORTANT TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL LESSONS ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE.

6. SEVERE WINDSTORMS: TYPHOONS • The exact same phenomenon in the Western Pacific Ocean region is called a TYPHOON.

7. Physics Of A Typhoon

8. SEVERE WINDSTORMS: CYCLONES • The exact same phenomenon in the Indian Ocean region is called a CYCLONE.

9. HAZARDS EXPOSURE VULNERABILITY LOCATION ELEMENTS OF RISK RISK

10. HAZARDS OF A SEVERE WINDSTORM

11. HAZARDS OF A SEVERE WINDSTORM (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS) • WIND FIELD (COUNTER CLOCKWISE OR CLOCKWISE DIRECTION; CAT 1 (55 mph) TO CAT 5 (155 mph or greater) • STORM SURGE • HEAVY PRECIPITATION • LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS) • COSTAL EROSION • TORNADOES (SOMETIMES)

12. “SEVERE WINDSTORM LABORATORIES” EACH STORM PROVIDES VALUABLE LESSONS ON DISASTER RESILIENCE

13. CAUSES OF DAMAGE WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM FLYING DEBRIS STORM SURGE SEVERE WINDSTORMS IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN “DISASTER LABORATORIES” SITING PROBLEMS FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES

14. HAZARD MAPS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EARLY WARNING • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY and • RECONSTRUCTION RISK ASSESSMENT POLICY OPTIONS ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK SEVERE WINDSTORM DISASTER RESILIENCE DATA BASES AND INFORMATION COMMUNITY HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

15. TYPHOON VONGFONG: 2014’S 6TH SUPER TYPHOON

16. VONGFONG: A HUGE STORM • On Oct 7, in just 24 hours, Vongfong intensified from a CAT 2 storm to one with, 155 mph wind speeds, and an estimated central pressure of 908 millibars.

17. TYPHOON VONGFONG REACHED OKINAWA • Vongfong, which reached Okinawa on Sunday afternoon, October 12th, is expected to reach Tokyo on Tuesday, butas a much weaker storm

18. TYPHOON VONGFONG: INITIAL REPORTS • 35 people were reported injured in Okinawa and Kyushu, where 150,000 people were evacuated. • The typhoon toppled trees, flooded streets and cut power to more than 60,000 homes.

19. CYCLONE HUDHUD ARRIVED: OCT. 12

20. HURRICANE HUDHUD: OCTOBER 12 • Hudhud hit the southern port city of Visakhapatnam, location of a major naval base, close to noon. • 400,000 people were evacuated earlier from the States of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.

21. HURRICANE HUDHUD: INITIAL REPORTS • The States of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh experienced high winds and heavy rainfall. • Six killed. • Power was disrupted and commun-ications collapsed.

22. CONCLUSION: A MAJOR IMPROVEMENT IN EVACUATION • India’s Evacuation operations have improved significantly during the past 15 years, with a corresponding reduction in mortality.

23. 1999, 2013, AND 2014 • Fifteen years ago, more than 10,000 people were killed when a cyclone hit roughly the same area, which lacked significant evacuation capability. • In October, 2013, Cyclone Phailin resulted in 800,000 being evacuated with few deaths. • October 12, 2014; 400,000 evacuated with 6 deaths