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An Internet/GIS-Based Tool to Assist Community Planners

This project aims to develop an interactive environmental analysis tool using GIS and WWW technologies to address questions related to urban sprawl. The tool assesses pre vs post-development land use change, short and long-term impacts, runoff, water quality, non-point source pollution, and more. It incorporates the L-THIA/NPS model to quantify the impact of urbanization on runoff and NPS pollution in watersheds. Users can conduct "What-If" scenarios using GIS for alternative evaluations. The tool provides detailed data on runoff, NPS pollution, and land use changes with easy-to-understand charts and graphs. It is user-friendly, requiring low data input, but also highlights the need for advanced modeling for in-depth analysis.

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An Internet/GIS-Based Tool to Assist Community Planners

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  1. An Internet/GIS-Based Tool to Assist Community Planners Bernie Engel Jon Harbor Don Jones and many others

  2. Project Goal Create an interactive environmental analytical and educational program utilizing a WWW and GIS-based approach to answer questions associated with “urban sprawl” similar to: What will be the estimated impact on the environment due to placing a subdivision in one location vs another?

  3. Post-development Land Use Change Pre-development

  4. Post-development Land Use Change Pre-development

  5. Short-term Impact

  6. Long-term Impact • Dominated by runoff from smaller storm events • Increase in surface water quantity • Decrease in surface water quality

  7. Non-point Source (NPS) Pollution • Originates from diffuse sources as a response to • Land use • Storm events • Carried in stormwater runoff from • Agricultural lands, construction sites, urban areas • Long-term impacts • Storage (lake) loss from sediment deposition • Adverse effect of chemical pollutants

  8. L-THIA/NPS Model • An overview / screening model • Quantify impact of development on long-term runoff and NPS pollution in urbanizing watersheds • Based on NRCS Curve Number (CN) technique. • User friendly, low data requirements.  Soil types  Land use / Land cover  Long-term daily precipitation record (30 years) • Identifies need for more detailed modeling. • "What-If" alternative evaluation with GIS

  9. L E C W a t e r s h e d S u b - b a s i n 1 S u b - b a s i n 2 2 1 S u b - b a s i n 3 S u b - b a s i n 4 S u b - b a s i n 5 N 3 4 W E 1 0 1 2 K i l o m e t e r s S 5 Little Eagle Creek (LEC) Watershed

  10. Land Use Change in LEC Watershed

  11. 80% 60% 1984-1991 1973-1984 40% 20% 0% -20% Runoff Nitrogen Phosphorus Lead Copper Zinc Change in Runoff and NPS Pollution

  12. L-THIA WWW Input • State and County identify nearest weather station • Weather data queried from Oracle • User assigns land use (LU), hydrologic soil group, and projected LU area for up to three periods • Hydrologic soil group maps served with ArcView/IMS

  13. L-THIA WWW Output • Runoff output table summarizes land use information entered, curve number, runoff depth, and runoff volume for each year

  14. L-THIA WWW Chart • Bar graphs provide runoff depth, runoff volume, total volume, and average runoff depth

  15. L-THIA WWW Chart • All NPS pollution estimates are available in tabular, bar chart, and pie chart forms

  16. Summary and Conclusions • L-THIA/NPS is: • A user-friendly, screening model. • Focused on long-term impacts on hydrology and NPS pollution. • Sensitive to land use change, antecedent moisture conditions, and climatic variability. • Accessible for simple “what-if” planning.

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