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Chemical Reaction Engineering: Bioreactors and Growth Phases

Explore the study of chemical reaction rates, bioreactors, growth phases, and reactor design in Lecture 16. Learn about Monod Equation, yield coefficients, and phases of cell growth. Understand the mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and the role of bioreactors in various growth phases. Dive into rate laws, stoichiometry, and parameters affecting reactor performance.

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Chemical Reaction Engineering: Bioreactors and Growth Phases

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  1. Lecture 16 Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE) is the field that studies the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions and the design of the reactors in which they take place.

  2. Web Lecture 16Class Lecture 25 – Thursday 4/18/2013 • Bioreactors • Monod Equation • Yield Coefficients • Washout

  3. Review Last Lecture Enzymes - Urease A given enzyme can only catalyze only one reaction. Urea is decomposed by the enzyme urease, as shown below. The correspondingmechanism is: MichaelisMentenEquation

  4. Bioreactors + Products Nutrient (S) + cells more cells

  5. Bioreactors

  6. Batch Bioreactor

  7. Phases of Cell Growth and Division

  8. Bioreactors inoculum t=0 time  Cells + Substrate More Cells + Product

  9. Bioreactors Phases of bacteria growth: I. Lag II. ExponentialIII. Stationary IV. Death b) Monod growth rate law: Lag Phase lnCc StationaryPhase Death Phase ExponentialGrowthPhase 0 time

  10. Bioreactors 1) Mass Balances Accumulation = [In] - [Out] + [Growth] - [Death]

  11. Bioreactors Rate Laws: Cp*= Product concentration at which all metabolism ceases

  12. Bioreactors • 3) Stoichiometry • A) Yield Coefficients B) Maintenance

  13. Bioreactors 3) Stoichiometry Rate of Substrate Consumption Can’t separate substrate consumption used for cell growth from that used for product formations during exponenial growth.

  14. Bioreactors v0 CS0 Volume=V v CC CS V=V0 1) Mass Balance:

  15. Bioreactors

  16. Bioreactors 2) Rate Laws: 3) Parameters

  17. Polymath Setup 1.) d(CC)/d(t)=-D*CC+(rg-rd) 2.) d(CS)/d(t)=-D*(CS0-CS)-Ysg*rg-m*CC 3.) d(CP)/d(t)=-D*CP+YPC*rg 4.) rg=(((1-(CP/Cpstar))**0.52)*mumax*(CS/(KS+CS))*CC 5.) D=0.2 6.) kd=0.01 11.) mumax=0.33 7.) rd=kd*CC 12.) YSC=12.5 8.) CS0=250 13.) KS=1.7 9.) YPC=5.6 10.) m=0.3

  18. Bioreactors – Chemostats - CSTRs 1. Steady State - Neglect Death Rate and Cell Maintenance 2. Cell

  19. Bioreactors – Chemostats - CSTRs 3. Substrate

  20. Bioreactors – Chemostats - CSTRs CSTRWashout CC CC Washout dilution rate D DW

  21. Maximum Product Flow Rate Howdoes this figurerelate to drinking a lot of fluids when you have an infection or cold? DCC D Dmaxprod DW

  22. End of Web Lecture 16End of Class Lecture 25

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