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Frei Otto: Innovator in Lightweight Structures

Explore the life, style, and academic contributions of German architect Frei Otto, renowned for pioneering tensile and membrane structures. Discover his iconic buildings, like the Tuwaiq Palace and the Olympic Stadium. His work blends innovation and efficiency, showcasing a unique approach to design.

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Frei Otto: Innovator in Lightweight Structures

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  1. FREI OTTO(31 May 1925- )  German architect and structural engineer.

  2. LIFE • Began experimenting with tents for shelter •  After the war he studied briefly in the United States • Visited Erich Mendelsohn, Mies van derRohe, Richard Neutra, and Frank Lloyd Wright • Began private practice in Germany in 1952 • Awards 1974 Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture 1996/7 Wolf Prize in Architecture 2005 RIBA Royal Gold Medal FREI OTTO

  3. Style ……. • authority on lightweight tensile and membrane structures • concerned with space frames and structural efficiency •  experimented with inflatable buildings  structure constructed using two layers of membrane connected together cavity formed between the layers is pressurized with air producing a rigid structural element  pavilions, airships, furniture, airspace structures, boats, escape slides, security mattresses, swimming pools, coverings, games and castles, air bags FREI OTTO

  4. Academics…. • Otto founded the famous Institute for Lightweight Structures at the University of Stuttgart in 1964  FREI OTTO

  5. List of Buildings • 1967 - West Germany Pavilion at Expo 67 Montreal • 1970 - Tuwaiq Palace, Saudi Arabia, with Buro Happold • 1972 - Roof for Olympic Stadium, Munich • 2000 - Roof structure of the Japanese Pavilion at Expo 2000, Hanover Germany (provided engineering assistance with Buro Happold and architectural collaboration with Shigeru Ban) FREI OTTO

  6. Olympic Stadium (Munich) • original capacity of 80,000 •  large sweeping canopies of acrylic glass stabilized by steel cables FREI OTTO

  7. Plan Aerial View FREI OTTO

  8. FREI OTTO

  9. FREI OTTO

  10. Details  the tensile glass tent-like roof  FREI OTTO

  11. FREI OTTO

  12. Tuwaiq Palace • Recipient of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture, 1998. 

  13. Tuwaiq Palace • enclosed by inclined curved walls, forming a sinuous curvilinear spine 800 m long, 12 m high, and 7-13 m wide, used for guest services and accommodations • outdoor sports facilities, gardens, and extensive landscaping laid out in a pattern of complementary spirals, circles, and curves, in harmony with the building's undulations

  14. Mushrooming from the spine are tents supported by tensile-structure technology • design makes reference to two local archetypes - the fortress and the tent

  15. The tents enclose the large-scale spaces: main lounges, reception areas, multi-purpose halls, restaurants, and a café •  dramatic contrast between the lush greenery of the outdoor spaces enclosed by the spine and the arid rocky plateau beyond its walls • The white tents are made of Teflon-coated, woven fibre fabric •  The tents are enclosed by glass walls

  16. SECTION

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