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Properties of Aqueous Solutions: Electrolytic Substances and Ionic Compounds

Learn about the general properties of aqueous solutions, including the definitions of solute, solvent, and solution. Discover the concept of electrolytic substances and the different types of electrolytes. Understand the dissociation of ionic compounds in water and how it affects the conductivity of the solution. Complete the homework exercises on page 158.

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Properties of Aqueous Solutions: Electrolytic Substances and Ionic Compounds

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  1. Section 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions

  2. Solution Solvent Solute Solution- homogenous mixture of 2 or more substances Solute- substance present in the smaller amount Solvent- substance present in the larger amount H2O Soft drink (l) Sugar, CO2 Air (g) N2 O2, Ar, CH4 Pb Sn Soft Solder (s) 4.1

  3. Electrolytic Substances • Electrolyte: produces ions, creating electrically conducting solution • Ex: Salt • Nonelectrolyte: not ionized and does not conduct electric current in water • Ex: Sugar

  4. nonelectrolyte strong electrolyte

  5. Ionic Compounds in Water (Electrolytes) The conductivity of the solution is due to the formation of ions when the compound dissolves in water NOT the result of a chemical reaction! It’s the result of a dissociation of the molecule into ions

  6. Ionic Compounds in Water

  7. Strong Electrolytes Strong electrolytes – A substance which completely ionizes in water. Example:

  8. Weak Electrolytes Weak electrolyte: A substance which partially ionizes when dissolved in water. Example:

  9. Weak Electrolytes The arrow with two heads indicates two opposing reactions are occurring simultaneously- a state of chemical equilibrium.

  10. Homework • 4.15-4.18 on page 158

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