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Part 3: Cultural Variation. What do we have in Common?. Cultural Universals : common features found in all cultures
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What do we have in Common? • Cultural Universals: common features found in all cultures • 1940’s study results: Body adornment, cooking, dancing, family, feasting, forms of greeting, funeral ceremonies, gift giving, housing, language, medicine, music, myths/folklore, religion, sports and toolmaking
Ethnocentrism/Cultural Relativity • Ethnocentrism: • The practice of judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture • Culture Shock: Personal disorientation accompanying exposure to an unfamiliar way • Cultural Relativity: • The practice of evaluating any culture by its own standards
Subculture • DEFINITION: cultural patterns that differentiate some segment of a society’s population • Can be based on: • Age, residence, sexual preference, ethnicity and occupation
Counterculture • DEFINITION: cultural patterns that strongly oppose conventional culture • Likely to question the morality of the majority group & to engage in some form of protest
Cultural Change • Cultural change is continuous • Cultural Lag: • Cultural elements change at varying rates; often disrupts a cultural system
Cultural Change • Causes of cultural change: • Social Movements • Invention/Technological Advances • Population Changes • Physical Environments • Diffusion- Globalization