Special Education 101 Special Education: A SERVICE, NOT A PLACE

1. Special Education 101Special Education: A SERVICE, NOT A PLACE John Payne Office of Exceptional Children SC State Department of Education

2. What is Special Education? §300.39  Special education. “Special education is specially designed instruction, at no cost to the parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability.”

3. What is Special Education? • This means education that is individually developed to address a specificchild’s needs that result from his or her disability. • Since each child is unique, it is difficult to give an overall example of special education. It is individualized for each child.

4. Important Acronyms Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Our nation’s special education law IDEA

5. IDEA 2004 • Ensures that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment and independent living.

6. Important IEP Acronyms FAPE Free Appropriate Public Education What States must make available to all eligible children with disabilities

7. Important IEP Acronyms IEP Individual Education Program Every public school child with disabilities receiving IDEA-funded special education must have one

8. 5 Basics about the IEP • Individualized • Written plan for a child’s education • Written by parents and school staff together • Lists the special education the child will receive, and more • Is both a document and a process that is updated at least annually

9. Required Members of the IEP team • Parents • Student (ages 13 + must be invited to IEP meetings) • Special Education Teacher(s) • General Education teacher(s) • LEA representative • Individual who can interpret the instructional implications of evaluation results • Others individuals who have knowledge or special expertise regarding the child, including related service personnel

10. What exactly is a LEA Rep?? • An employee of the school/district that is- • Qualified to provide or supervise the provision of special education • Knowledgeable about the general education curriculum • Able to commit the resources of the district

11. Important IEP Acronyms LRE Least Restrictive Environment Children with disabilities are to be educated with children who do not have disabilities, to the maximum extent appropriate

12. Important IEP Acronyms FBA Functional Behavior Assessment A process that searches for an explanation of the purpose behind a child’s problem behavior Must have parent permission to conduct!

13. Important IEP Acronyms BIP Behavioral Intervention Plan Describe interventions and modifications to encourage replacement behaviors

14. Important IEP Acronyms MDR Manifestation Determination Review A meeting which must take place within 10 days of a behavior infraction that would cause a student to be removed from their current placement for more than 10 days Much more on this later….

15. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 1. Child is identified as possibly needing special education and related services • Child Find-Determining Eligibility • Each state is required by IDEA to identify, locate, and evaluate all children with disabilities in the state who need special education and related services. To do so, LEA’s conduct what are known as Child Find activities. • Referral or request for evaluation. • Referrals can be made by both parents and district personnel

16. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 2. Child is evaluated • Comprehensive Evaluation • Must be decided upon by an evaluation team • Many methods of assessment • Not just done by the school psychologist • Must assess all areas of suspected disability and to plan for IEP development • Parents must sign consent for evaluation

17. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 3.Eligibility is decided • Must follow South Carolina eligibility criteria • Parents are part of the group that decides eligibility. • Parents do not have to sign consent for eligibility • Proper procedures for determination must be followed

18. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 4.Child is found eligible for services Step 5.IEP meeting is scheduled within 30 days of eligibility determination Step 6.IEP meeting is held, and the IEP is written

19. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 7.Services are provided • Must be provided by HQ staff • IEP must be implemented as written • General education teachers must be made aware of their responsibilities • Students may not be excluded from ANYTHING because of their disability

20. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 8.Progress is measured and reported to parents • His or her parents are regularly informed of the child’s progress and whether that progress is enough for the child to achieve his/her annual goals by the end of the year. • Parents are provided with periodic reports on the progress the child is making toward meeting the annual goals.

21. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 9.IEP is reviewed • The child’s IEP is reviewed by the IEP Team at least once a year, or more often if the parents or school ask for a review. • Parents, as Team members, must be invited to attend these meetings. Parents can make suggestions for changes, can agree or disagree with the IEP goals, and agree or disagree with the placement.

22. 10 Steps:The Basics of Special Education Process under IDEA Step 10.Child is reevaluated • At least every three years the child must be reevaluated, unless the parents and school agree that a reevaluation is unnecessary. • This evaluation is often called a “triennial.” • Its purpose is to find out if the child continues to be a “child with a disability,” as defined by IDEA, and what the child’s educational needs are. • However, the child must be reevaluated more often if conditions warrant or if the child’s parent or teacher asks for a new evaluation.

23. Questions????? • For additional information, please contact: Office of Exceptional Children 803-734-8224