UKRAINE’S - e A p ENVIRONMENT AND SD TRENDS

1. UKRAINE’S - eAp ENVIRONMENT AND SD TRENDS Anna Golubovska-Onisimova Panel discussion «Environmental Challenges of the Ukraine-EaPEuropean Integration”,Brussels, 11 June 2013

2. Environmental Governance Reform • Effectiveness: policy cycle includes regular monitoring and assessment (no scary) • Based on EPI: e-integration is a key (e-e conflict) • Cross-cutting mechanisms – EIA, SEA, PP, AI(AJ) • Information and statistics/ comparability with EU • Consistency/ wide coverage/ limited priorities for defined time-frame to achieve defined results • Indicator-based reporting • Permanent communication with TG

3. Dialectics of policy cycles • The process is bad, the result – is only A goal! VS • No sustainable result without right process SO • Good environmental governance does both together • Next step after finishing previous cycle • Lip-frogging: EaP countries should catch with ca.40 years gap, but some key-steps has no skip option, from single agency’s tasks – to collective management

4. Towards good environmental governance in eap countries • 2001 EaP SCF WG3 Report of 14 expert of 6 EaP countries • Assessed 7 areas: 1) Strenghtening cooperation with EU 2) Strengthening administrative structures and procedures 3) Developing strategies, plans and programmes 4) Ensuring environmental policy integration (promoting SD) 5) Strenghtening structure and procedures to conduct EIA 6) Improving access to info and PP 7) Cooperation on SEIS • Based on WWF IPO methodology for ENP Action Plans assessment(2008-2009) • Discussed by expert groups and WG3 during 2 meetings • Presented in March 2012 in Kyiv using skype technology • Sent to all EaP countries EU delegations

5. Towards good environmental governance in eap countries • The latest public administration reforms weaken administrative structures and procedures (10218) • Strategic planning (and reporting) was improved in advanced AA negotiating countries (SBS indicators) • Environmental policy integration is generally not backed up with legislation (SEA Pr – Armenia) • Deregulation leads to elimination of EIA procedure (fracking) • Mechanisms and procedures for PP are absent • SEIS potential for improving the quality of information for EDM could be used better (env. data collection – EaP Roadmap)

6. Towards good environmental governance in eapcountries • Azerbaijan 48,8% - 4 • Armenia 58,2% - 1 • Belarus 35,4% - 5 • Georgia 21,3% - 6 • Moldova 56,7% - 2 • Ukraine 50,7% - 3

7. Eii: environment and sd pillar External incentives continue to be the major drive for reforms where the EU is the number one. Complimentary information is provided by EII. • 2011-2012, 8 experts of 6 EaP countries • Sector specific assessment. Questions covered 1) environmental policy (incl MEAs) 2) sustainable development policy 3) resource efficiency 4) Climate change 5) pressure to/ state of environment 6) sustainable development and trade • Helped to make a link between policy and state of environment/ resource efficiency • Good exercise to integrate environment and sustainable development into multitopic CSO research

8. indicators CHOICE • Priorities of ENP SD&environmental objectives • Basic requirements of SD Summits • Key prerequisite of obligatory EPI • Eastern Partnership Flagship initiative on good governance (admin. str., SEIS, MEAs –AC, Espoo) • Key elements of AA (FTA, SBS in Environment) • The data should be available in each of 6 country • Major environmental performance indicators

9. ENVIRONMENT, CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

10. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY • Moldova is leading on EPI, thus on topic • Ukraine recently adopted new Env Strategy and NEAP as required by Association Agenda • But – 3 non-compliance in 2011, one withdrawn • Armenia is the only country ratified SEA • Georgia adopted 2nd generation of NEAP • MEAs: Ukraine is leading in number, but behind in reporting and compliance (active public phenomena)

11. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY • No NSDS, except Belarus and Armenia (recently ratified programme) • NSDC are not functional (except Armenia), though are established in majority • 10-years SCP policy framework is planned • Ukraine ratified 69 ILO Conventions, 60 are in force, Moldova – 42 and 40 • Only Moldova adopted law against illegal fishery • Control of legal trade in forestry is a bit better

12. RESOURCE EFFICIENCY

13. PRESSURE TO/ STATE OF ENVIRONMENT

14. RESOURCE EFFICIENCY, PRESSURE TO/ STATE OF ENVIRONMENT • 12 indicators shown: Belarus has the best environmental situation, followed by Georgia and Moldova, and Ukraine – the worst • The result correlates with Yale University Environmental Performance Index • Total annual volume of municipal waste p. c. is still lower than in EU-27 (< consumption) • Soil erosion is very high, Ukraine is leading • Natural protected areas are too small

15. TOTAL INDEX ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Despitesomesuccessinpolicyelaborationandinternationalcooperation, allEaPcountrieslagbehindinresourceefficiency, andstate of/ impacttoenvironment (environmentalperformance). UkraineasthebiggestcountryinEuropeinterritoryinheritedheavyenvironmentalconsequencesfromUSSR (heavy industry and conventional agriculture). One of the reason to explain the largest gap among EaP countries between modern environemntal policy and modest so far success in its implementation.

16. Towards good environmental governance in eap countries • The latest public administration reforms weaken administrative structures and procedures (10218) • Strategic planning (and reporting) was improved in advanced AA negotiating countries (SBS indicators) • Environmental policy integration is generally not backed up with legislation (SEA Pr – Armenia) • Deregulation leads to elimination of EIA procedure (fracking) • Mechanisms and procedures for PP are absent • SEIS potential for improving the quality of information for EDM could be used better (env. data collection – EaP Roadmap)

17. ECOPOLICY STRATEGY AND NEAP • Law on National Environmental Policy Strategy till 2020 is adopted (12.2010), included limited number of goals and objectives (7), instruments (incl. economic), monitoring and reporting procedure, 78 indicators for annual assessments, basics for transition to Green economy (NEAP for 2011-15, environmental policy integration) • NSSD is not adopted so far (even the Concept) • EU SBS Financial Agreement plays important role to enhance measuring progress and reporting on 9 main indicators annually

18. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

19. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

20. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

21. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

22. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

23. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

24. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

25. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

26. EU-UKRAINE SBS PROGRAMME TO SUPPORT THE STRATEGY

27. recommendations • Start a High-level tree-partite dialogue with EaP CSF NP involvement on Environmental Governance reform in 6 countries; • Extend the Road-map with more concrete actions to ensure legally binding environmental policy integration into sectoral and regional programmes and plans; • Review the Environmental Governance Flagship Initiative and support more concrete and measurable targets for cross-cutting environmental legislation adoption (on Environmental Impact Assessment, Strategic Environmental Assessment, Access to Information, Public Participation and Access to Justice on environmental matters); • Link the SEIS initiative with modernising environmental monitoring system programmes and involve NGOs in complex discussion on reliable information provision for effective environmental decision-making. • Trainings, trainings, trainings…/ analytics

28. Thank you! ДЯКУЮ ЗА УВАГУ! anna@mama-86.org.ua