1 / 29

MEMORY, COGNITION, & LANGUAGE

MEMORY, COGNITION, & LANGUAGE. CHAPTER SIX. MEMORY. PART 1. Memory. The process by which we encode, store,& retrieve information. Sensory Memory. The initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant. Short-Term Memory. Memory that holds information for 15 to 25 seconds.

mohawk
Download Presentation

MEMORY, COGNITION, & LANGUAGE

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MEMORY, COGNITION, & LANGUAGE CHAPTER SIX

  2. MEMORY PART 1

  3. Memory • The process by which we encode, store,& retrieve information

  4. Sensory Memory • The initial, momentary storage of information, lasting only an instant

  5. Short-Term Memory • Memory that holds information for 15 to 25 seconds

  6. Long-Term Memory • Memory that stores information on a relatively permanent basis, although it may be difficult to retrieve

  7. Chunk • A meaningful grouping of stimuli that can be stored as a unit in short-term memory

  8. Rehearsal • The repetition of information that has entered short-term memory

  9. Declarative Memory • Memory for factual information: names, faces, dates, and the like.

  10. Procedural Memory • Memory for skills & habits, such as riding a bike or hitting a baseball

  11. Semantic Memory • Memory for general knowledge & facts about the world, as well as memory for the rules of logic that are used to deduce other facts

  12. Episodic Memory • Memory for events that occur in a particular time, place, or context

  13. RECALL & FORGETTING PART 1.5

  14. Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon • The inability to recall information that one realizes one knows. A result of the difficulty of retrieving information from long-term memory

  15. Recall • Memory task in which specific information must be retrieved.

  16. Recognition • Memory task in which individuals are presented with a stimulus & asked whether they have been exposed to it in the past or to identify it from a list of alternatives

  17. THINK? • Name the 7 dwarfs.

  18. Levels-of-Processing Theory • The theory of memory that emphasizes the degree to which new material is mentally analyzed

  19. Explicit Memory • Intentional or conscious recollection of information

  20. Implicit Memory • Memories of which people are not consciously aware, but which can affect subsequent performance & behavior

  21. Flashbulb Memories • Memories centered on a specific important, or surprising events that are so vivid it is as if they represented a snapshot of the event

  22. IF I SAID: • Kennedy Assassination • 9/11 • Bid Laden is Dead

  23. Constructive Processes • Processes in which memories are influenced by the meaning we give to events

  24. Autobiographical Memories • Our recollections of circumstances & episodes from our own lives

  25. Decay/Forgetting • The loss of information in memory through its nonuse

  26. Interference • The phenomenon by which information in memory disrupts the recall of other information

  27. Cue-Dependent Forgetting • Forgetting that occurs when there are insufficient retrieval cues to rekindle information that is in memory

  28. Proactive Interference • Interference in which information learned earlier disrupts the recall of newer material

  29. Retroactive Interference • Interference in which there is difficulty in the recall of information learned earlier because of later exposure to different material

More Related