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SCV1223

SCV1223. PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor. Introduction. PHP is a powerful server-side scripting language for creating dynamic and interactive websites. PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP.

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SCV1223

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  1. SCV1223 PHP - Hypertext Preprocessor

  2. Introduction • PHP is a powerful server-side scripting language for creating dynamic and interactive websites. • PHP is the widely-used, free, and efficient alternative to competitors such as Microsoft's ASP. • PHP is perfectly suited for Web development and can be embedded directly into the HTML code. • The PHP syntax is very similar to Perl and C. • PHP is often used together with Apache (web server) on various operating systems.

  3. What is PHP? • PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor • PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP • PHP scripts are executed on the server even though even though combined with an HTML code • PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL, Generic ODBC, etc.) • PHP is an open source software (OSS) • PHP is free to download and use

  4. What is a PHP File? • PHP files may contain text, HTML tags and scripts • PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML  • PHP files have a file extension of ".php", ".php3", or ".phtml"

  5. What is MySQL? • MySQL is a database server • MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications • MySQL supports standard SQL • MySQL compiles on a number of platforms • MySQL is free to download and use

  6. PHP + MySQL • PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (means that you can develop in Windows and serve on a Unix platform)

  7. Why PHP? • PHP runs on different platforms (Windows, Linux, Unix, etc.) • PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.) • PHP is FREE to download from the official PHP resource: www.php.net • PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side

  8. Where to Start? • Install an Apache server on a Windows or Linux machine • Install PHP on a Windows or Linux machine • Install MySQL on a Windows or Linux machine • Install PHP triad • All in one • LAMP • Linux Apache MySQL PHP

  9. First Example – Hello World! • Activity 01 • NOTES • You cannot view the PHP source code by selecting "View source" in the browser • you will only see the output from the PHP file, which is plain HTML. • This is because the scripts are executed on the server before the result is sent back to the browser.

  10. PHP Syntax • A PHP scripting block always starts with <?php and ends with ?>. • A PHP scripting block can be placed anywhere in the HTML document. • On servers with shorthand support enabled you can start a scripting block with <? and end with ?>. • However, for maximum compatibility, it is recommend that you use the standard form (<?php) rather than the shorthand form.

  11. PHP Syntax • A PHP file normally contains HTML tags, just like an HTML file, and some PHP scripting code. • View source for activity 01 • Each code line in PHP must end with a semicolon. • The semicolon is a separator and is used to distinguish one set of instructions from another. • There are two basic statements to output text with PHP: echo and print. • In activity 01, we have used the echo statement to output the text "Hello World".

  12. PHP Syntax • Comments in PHP • In PHP, we use // to make a single-line comment or • /* and */ to make a large comment block.

  13. PHP Variables • All variables in PHP start with a $ sign symbol. • Variables may contain strings, numbers, or arrays (untype). • Activity 02 • Variable concatenation – using the (.) operator • All converted to string • Str . Str = str • Num . Num = str

  14. Variable Naming Rules • Same as C, C++ or Java • A variable name must start with a letter or an underscore "_" • A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores (a-Z, 0-9, and _ ) • A variable name should not contain spaces. • If a variable name should be more than one word, it should be separated with underscore ($my_string), • or with capitalization ($myString)

  15. HTML out HelloWorld <IMG> tag <A> tag <TABLE> tag

  16. PHP operator, conditional • Same as C or C++ • PHP If...Else Statements – Activity 03 • Same as C or C++ • Swith statement • Same as C or C++

  17. PHP array • Numeric Arrays (Activity 04) • $names = array("Peter","Quagmire","Joe"); • Assign manualy: • $names[0] = "Peter"; • $names[1] = "Quagmire"; • $names[2] = "Joe"; • Assign directly: • $family = array('Fred', 'Wilma');

  18. PHP array • Adding Values to the End of an Array • $family[] = 'Pebbles'; // $family[2] is 'Pebbles' • Getting the Size of an Array • $size = count($family); // $size is 3

  19. PHP array • Traversing Arrays • $family = array('Fred', 'Wilma'); • foreach( $family as $name) {} • for($i = 0; $i < count($family); $i++) {}

  20. PHP Looping – Activity 05 • Same as C or C++ • while - loops through a block of code if and as long as a specified condition is true • do...while - loops through a block of code once, and then repeats the loop as long as a special condition is true • for - loops through a block of code a specified number of times • foreach - loops through a block of code for each element in an array

  21. PHP object

  22. PHP object

  23. PHP object

  24. PHP object • Activity 7 • Array of objects • Table tag – array of objects

  25. PHP Function • Also similar to C, C++ and Java • Normal – 8-1 • With parameter – 8-2 • Return value – 8-3 • Pass by value • Pass by reference

  26. PHP – Data transfer • Transferring data between client (web browser) to the server-side • Two method: • Using form: POST method • Through URL: GET method

  27. POST Method • The body of the message is sent as a stream of data (HTML form data) • Separated with the PHP URL in the FORM post URL • Client send data to PHP using HTML form element

  28. POST Method • Form tag <FORM METHOD=”post” ACTION=”login.php” TARGET=“”> • Fill the TARGET value if form result have to display in a different frame • After coding all the form element (button, textfield, etc) FORM tag must be close using the equivalent end tag - </FORM> • If you have multiple form in a single page every separate every form using the end tag

  29. The Form (9.2.1) • Text (textfield, password and textarea) • Single data entry • <input name="name" type="text" id="name" /> • <input type="password" name="password" id="password" /> • <textarea name="address" id="address" cols="30" rows="5"></textarea>

  30. The Form (9.2.1) • Radiobutton • Single data entry • <input name="gender" type="radio" value="male" /> • <input name="gender" type="radio" value="female" />

  31. The Form (9.2.1) • Checkbox • Multiple data entry • <input name="cc[]" type="checkbox" id="cc[]" value="MC" /> • <input name="cc[]" type="checkbox" id="cc[]" value="VISA" /> • <input name="cc[]" type="checkbox" id="cc[]" value="AMEX" />

  32. The Form (9.2.1) • Combobox • Single data entry • <select name="bank" id="bank"> • <option value=“MBB”>Maybank</option> • <option>AMBANK</option> • <option>CIMB</option> • <option>HSBC</option> • </select>

  33. The Form (9.2.1) • Selectbox • Multiple data entry • <select name="books[]" size="5" multiple="multiple" id="books"> • <option value="hp1">Harry Potter 1</option> • <option value="hp2">Harry Potter 2</option> • <option value="hp3">Harry Potter 3</option> • <option value="hp4">Harry Potter 4</option> • <option value="hp5">Harry Potter 5</option> • </select>

  34. GET method (Activity 10) • The body of the message (the data) is appended to the PHP URL, • http://myserver.com/hello.php • Separated by a question mark • http://myserver.com/hello.php? • Followed by name-value pair which separated by equals sign • If value consist of more than one word, separate it using plus sign which the php will convert it to space character after parsing • name=john+doe • Every consecutive name-value pair will be separated using ampersand sign (&) • name=john+doe&id=007

  35. Database (MySQL) Activity 11

  36. PHP MySQL – Connect/Disconnect

  37. PHP MySQL – mysql_query() • mysql_query ( string $query [, resource $link_identifier] ) • $query • A SQL query • The query string should not end with a semicolon. • $link_identifier • DB connection • If is not specified, the last link opened by mysql_connect() is assumed otherwise DB error

  38. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  39. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  40. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  41. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  42. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  43. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  44. PHP MySQL – Create (Db & Table)

  45. PHP MySQL – INSERT

  46. PHP MySQL – INSERT

  47. PHP MySQL – SELECT

  48. PHP MySQL – SELECT

  49. PHP MySQL – SELECT • The example above stores the data returned by the mysql_query() function in the $result variable. • Next, we use the mysql_fetch_array() function to return the first row from the recordset as an array. • Each subsequent call to mysql_fetch_array() returns the next row in the recordset. • The while loop loops through all the records in the recordset. • To print the value of each row, we use the PHP $row variable ($row['FirstName'] and $row['LastName']).

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