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CIVIL WAR

CIVIL WAR. SECTIONALISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON SLAVES AND FREE BLACKS. SLAVES:. Political: South, no rights, Political power in white South was based on how many slaves one owned. North, slavery was gradually abolished after the Revolutionary Ward.

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CIVIL WAR

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  1. CIVIL WAR

  2. SECTIONALISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON SLAVES AND FREE BLACKS SLAVES: • Political: South, no rights, Political power in white South was based on how many slaves one owned. North, slavery was gradually abolished after the Revolutionary Ward • Economic – gang force labor in fields, Manifest Destiny opened rich new lands (more slaves were needed) • Social – treated as property, dehumanized, deprived of African name and culture, cruelty • Westward expansion caused heated debates over slavery

  3. SECTIONALISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON SLAVES AND FREE BLACKS (continued) Free Blacks • Economic – worked as domestics, artisans, laborers and sailors Social – African Methodist and Baptist Churches were the central focus Political: Black national conventions, eight states sent black delegates to the 1853 convention, limited freedom due to prejudices, regulated by slave codes.

  4. FREDERICK DOUGLAS 1818 - 1895 Most famous African American who played a role in the abolitionist movement • Escaped from slavery • Published the “North Star” (antislavery newspaper) • Wrote an autobiography Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas

  5. DRED SCOTT V. SANFORD Supreme Court case struck downMissouri Compromise allowing slavery to expand in the “free territories” of the North and West 1857 Scott was a slave who was forced to accompany his master from Missouri to a free territory Scott sued for his freedom in the new territory

  6. DRED SCOTT V. SANFORD (continued) Chief Justice ruled that Scott was property not a citizen Importance: Big step leading toward Civil War

  7. ABRAHAM LINCOLN 1809 - 1865 1860 – 16th President of the U.S. South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union because Lincoln was a Republican and associated with the abolitionist cause Believed the states had never legally left the Union Assassinated 1863 by John Wilkes Booth

  8. 1861 - 1865 Civil War in U.S. North wanted strong central government while the South wanted states’ rights Slavery was the major issue North prevailed

  9. ROBERT E. LEE 1807 - 1870 Brilliant general of the Confederate Army His defeat at the Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war in favor of the North Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in 1865

  10. ULYSSES S. GRANT 1822 -1885 Union’s top general in the Civil War 1868 – President of the United States Presidency marred with corruption and scandals

  11. FT. SUMTER Site of first shots of the Civil War Significance: North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Arkansas seceded

  12. JEFFERSON DAVIS 1808 - 1889 Former Senator from Mississippi 1861 = elected first president of the Confederacy Struggled to unify the southern states under a central government

  13. EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION 1862 President Abraham Lincoln Freed all slaves in states that were rebelling against the Union Effect: Many African Americans rushed to join the union army

  14. BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG Involved most soldiers and produced most deaths in the Civil War Site of Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg address Turning point of Civil War in favor of the North

  15. BATTLE OF VICKSBURG Part of the Anaconda Plan Union took control of the Mississippi River cutting the South off from the West

  16. INAUGURAL ADDRESSES AND GETTYSBURG ADDRESS Stressed concept of national unity Denied secession’s legality Promised not to interfere with slavery in border states where slavery existed Stated, “Malice toward none; charity for all”

  17. 1865 - 1877 RECONSTRUCTION Period after the Civil War known as radical Reconstruction The South was in political, social and economic turmoil and eleven states had suceded. 1865 – Freedmen’s Bureau was established to assist former slaves with food, medical care, schools and resettlement

  18. RECONSTRUCTION (continued) 1865-South created the black codes. These restricted blacks rights to own property, established a curfew, and forced blacks to work as agricultural laborers. The Civil Right Act of 1866 eliminated these codes. 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments After federal troops withdrew from the South, blacks again became second-class citizens. It would not be until the civil rights movement in the 1960s that this would change.

  19. 13th AMENDMENT 1865 Banned slavery in America

  20. 14th AMENDMENT Ratified in 1868 Former slaves became citizens

  21. 15th AMENDMENT 1870 Voting will not be denied based upon race

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