Warm up 9/9

1. Warm up 9/9 Copy the question before you answer it!!!!!! • What is matter? • How would you describe an orange to someone who has never seen one? (list all of the ways you would describe it)

2. Properties of Matter

3. Physical Properties • How would you describe an orange to someone who has never seen one? • Orange in color • Round • Waxy feel to the rind • Juicy • Sweet • Each of these is a physical property • Anything that can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity • Without changing what the matter is

4. Examples of physical properties • Color • Shape • Odor • Mass • Volume • Magnetism • Conducting electricity • strength • flexability

5. Physical properties cont’d • Some physical properties can help you determine how to use a substance • Ex: whether its magnetic or if it would be strong enough to hold a certain weight • Using physical properties every day: • The “smell” test for dirty clothes • Color of fruit to see if its gone bad • Odor of milk to see if it has spoiled

6. Density • Density is the amount of matter in a given space (volume) • In a density column, like the one at right, layers are formed based on the density of each liquid • The more dense something is, the more mass there is in it • All of these liquids have the same volume (take up the same amount of space in the tube), but not the same mass • The heaviest liquids will sink to the bottom because they are the most dense

7. Density • Density is found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume D = m/v • The unit for density is a unit of mass by a unit of volume • Ex: g/cm3 or g/mL or kg/m3 • Do the Math Focus on page 47 as a class

8. Let’s learn the properties song!!!

9. Warm up 9/14 work on blue density review sheet from yesterday – we will go over it when the timer goes off

10. Physical Changes • Physical changes only affect one or more physical properties of matter • Even though its melted, this is still a popsicle • You can still get the original substance back if it has gone through a physical change • What are some other examples of physical changes?

11. Examples of physical changes • Ripped paper smashing up your car Sanding wood Why are these all physical changes?

12. Chemical Properties • Describe matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties • Ex: flammability is the ability of a substance to burn • Wood is flammable – when it burns, it turns to ash • Ex: Reactivity is the ability of two or more substances to combine and form one or more new substances

13. Examples of chemical properties • Flammability • The ability to catch on fire • toxicity • The ability to be poisonous • oxidation • The ability to react with oxygen • Why apples turn brown and metal rusts • combustion • The ability to explode and burn

14. What’s the difference between the two types of properties/? • Physical properties can be observed (changing the size, color, shape of a substance) • You can’t always easily see chemical properties (you can’t know if something is flammable until you try to set it on fire)

15. Chemical changes • Happen when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties • Signs of chemical changes: • change in color or odor, • production of heat, • bubbling, • sound or light being given off • Once a chemical change has occurred, you can rarely get back the original substances • Chemical changes change the composition (type) of the matter involved

16. What’s the difference between the two types of changes? • Most physical changes are easily reversible • Because you are changing what the matter looks like, not the actual matter itself • You can not reverse chemical changes • because you are left with new substances • You have not only changed what the matter looks like, but the actual matter into something new

17. Which one is it? • Are the following physical or chemical changes? • boiling water • tearing clothes • tarnishing silver • lighting a match • chewing a food • breaking a stick • rusting nail • burning gas in a stove • melting ice cream • sawing wood • digesting food for energy • stretching a rubber band

18. The states of matter • The states of matter are the physical forms in which a substance can exist • Solid (IE: Ice) • Liquid (IE: drinking water) • Gas (IE: steam)

19. The difference in the states • All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules • These atoms and molecules are constantly in motion and bumping into one another • The way these particles interact determines what state a substance is in

20. The different states cont’d • Solids:the state of matter that has a definite shape and volume • IE: wood, ice, a metal pipe • In a solid, the particles are very close together • The particles only vibrate in place, they do not move from their immediate location

21. The different states cont’d • Liquids: the state of matter that has a definite volume, but not a definite shape • IE: tap water, soup broth, rubbing alcohol • The particles of a liquid can move past each other so that the liquid takes the shape of the container • The particles do not move freely from one another

22. The different states cont’d • Gas: the state of matter with no definite shape or volume • IE: steam, oxygen, helium • The particles move quickly and freely from each other

23. Review • Explain why a golf ball is denser than a ping pong ball even though they are the same size • How can you determine that a coin is not pure silver if you know the mass and volume of the coin? • The Statue of Liberty was originally a copper color. After being exposed to the air, she turned a greenish color. Did a physical or chemical change take place? How do you know? • Describe the difference between physical and chemical changes in terms of what happens to the matter involved in each kind of change