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Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution

Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution. 1/08. Water Pollution. Introduction of chemical, physical or biological agents that adversely affect the organisms that depend upon that water. Point-source versus Nonpoint-source pollution. Point-source can be traced to a source

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Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution

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  1. Chapter 11-3 Water Pollution 1/08

  2. Water Pollution • Introduction of chemical, physical or biological agents that adversely affect the organisms that depend upon that water

  3. Point-source versus Nonpoint-source pollution • Point-source can be traced to a source • Nonpoint –source comes from many different sources that are often hard to identify

  4. Pathogens • Parasites, bacteria and viruses that cause illness in living things • Many spend part of their life cycle in water • Pathogens carried by water cause more human deaths than any other environmental problem

  5. Cholera • Acute diarrhea • Caused by bacteria • Infected food water, shellfish • Heat kills cholera bacteria

  6. Dysentery • Several bacteria and protozoa responsible • Vomiting, severe diarrhea • Cause water contamination • Heat kills most of these

  7. Typhoid Fever • Salmonella Thyphi • Only people carry the bacteria • Shed in feces • Vaccination available • Boil it , cook it, peel it or forget it

  8. Schistosomiasis • Caused by microscopic worms • Enters through the skin of people who walk in infected water • Attacks liver, urinary bladder, and intestines

  9. Schistosomiasis • Africa, Middle East, Egypt • 100 million people affected • 1 million deaths annually • Aswan Dam

  10. WAPI 158 degrees F

  11. Malaria • Protozoan • Transmitted by mosquito • The mosquitoes breed in standing water • 800 million affected • 1 million deaths annually

  12. Organic Matter • Animal and plant remains, feces etc.

  13. Organic Chemicals • Pesticides, fertilizer, gasoline, oil etc..

  14. Runoff from farmlands • Organic pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers

  15. Inorganic chemicals • Acids, bases, salts, etc..

  16. Heavy Metals • Dangerous heavy metals include: Mercury, lead, cadmium, nickel, chromium and Slipknot.

  17. Physical Agents • Heat and suspended solids

  18. Wastewater • Contains waste from homes or industry

  19. Treatment • Primary – filtration and settling. Gets the big stuff out

  20. Secondary • Aeration • Second settling tank • Chlorination to kill pathogens

  21. Artificial eutrophication • Caused by fertilizer run-off or other organic wastes

  22. Thermal Pollution • Heat can be a type of water pollution • Power Plants • Reservoirs

  23. Groundwater Pollution • Any polluted surface water can become polluted groundwater • Very hard to clean up

  24. Ocean Pollution • Oil spills – Exxon Valdez 1989 • Plastics

  25. Cleaning up water pollution • Clean Water Act of 1972 • Safe Drinking water act of 1996

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