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United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean

Office for Disarmament Affairs (ODA) / Regional Disarmament Branch (RDB). United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean. Armed violence reduction , small arms control and disarmament William Godnick, Ph.D.

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United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Development in Latin America and the Caribbean

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  1. Office for Disarmament Affairs (ODA) / Regional Disarmament Branch (RDB) United Nations Regional Centre for Peace, Disarmament and Developmentin Latin America and the Caribbean Armedviolencereduction, smallarms control and disarmament William Godnick, Ph.D. UNLIREC Public Security ProgrammeCoordinator Crime Stoppers International Conference Bridgetown, Barbados 1 October 2013

  2. UN Office forDisarmamentAffairs Office of the High Representative for Disarmament Affairs Office of the Director and Deputy to the High Representative Conventional Arms (including Practical Disarmament Measures) Branch Regional Disarmament Branch Regional Centres UNLIREC Lima UNREC Lome UNRCPD Kathmandu Conference on Disarmament Secretariat and (Geneva) Weapons of Mass Destruction Branch Information and Outreach Branch

  3. UNLIREC • Regional Organ of the UN Office for Disarmament Affairs’ Regional Disarmament Branch of the UN Secretariat • Focal Point of UN Coordination Mechanism for Small Arms in Latin America and the Caribbean. • Seeks to reduce arms proliferation and armed violence and strengthen the capacity of the security sector and national authorities to guarantee public security, governance and development.

  4. Global Homicide Rates (GBAV 2008)526,000 armed homicides annually(394,500 in peace time)

  5. 74,6 % in private hands, including private security companies. 650.000.000 74,6% Civilians 200.000.000 22,7% Armed Forces 20.000.000 2,2% Police 5.000.000 0,5% Criminals, Insurgents. Estimated global holdings of small arms/firearms (2009) + 1,000 companies in 98 countries 8M arms & 16.000M ammo. per year Total: 875.000.000 (Fuente: SAS 2009)

  6. Illegal arms trafficking vs other illegal activities (in millions of USD) USD 250 billion USD 350 billion Source: UNODC ‘Circulation’ 2012

  7. Global and Regional Responses Ongoing – CARICOM RIBIN, e-Trace, IBIN/INTERPOL 2013 - ArmsTradeTreaty (ATT) 2005 - International TracingInstrument 2001 – UN Programme of Actionon Small Arms (PoA) 2001 – UN FirearmsProtocol (toConventionagainst TOC) 1997 – Inter-American Convention (CIFTA)

  8. Small Arms Control Measures (at national level)

  9. Coercive Forcible seizures Vigilante groups (AVOID) Checkpoints/roadblocks Private security companies (Supervise and Regulate) Alcohol prohibition Urban/village courts and tribunals (AVOID) Community policing Formal Compliance Informal Amnesties Neighborhood watch • Toll free telephone lines Weapons collection & destruction Media/civil society awareness programmes Parental notification Gun-free areas/zones Consent to search Local mediation Education/awareness raising Public/private health interventions Voluntary Armed Violence Reduction Measures (at local level)

  10. UNLIREC TechnicalCooperation • Stockpile Management and Destruction • More than 40,000 weapons and 57 tonnes of ammunitiondestroyedsince 2012 in GreaterCaribbean. • More than 300 stockpilessecured in GreaterCaribbean. • Law enforcement/judicial training to combat illicti firearms • 180 Caribbeanlawenforcementofficialstrained in techniquestocombatillicitfirearmstrafficking. • 22 Belizeanofficialstrained in operatioanlforensicballistics. • Legal assistance • Nationalfirearmsactreviewed in allCaricomMemberStates, reccomendationsmade. • Courseforjudges and prosecutors – Belize and TT 2014.

  11. EXAMPLES of anonymousreporting of illicitweapons • Latin America and the Caribbean

  12. Argentina Denuncias 0800-666-4378

  13. Belize HUNDREDS OF GUNS RECOVERED THROUGH ANONYMOUS TIPS.

  14. Chile http://www.penalolen.cl/formulario-denuncia-anonima-de-tenencia-ilegal-de-armas

  15. Jamaica HUNDREDS OF GUNS RECOVERED THROUGH ANONYMOUS TIPS

  16. Mexico 01800 8324771

  17. Venezuela

  18. Final thoughts • Firearms/smallarms and theirammunition are the real weapons of massdestrution. • Most weapons began as items legally manufactured and sold. • First line of responsibility is to prevent • Responsible weapons transfers and sales • Thorough stockpile management of public and private holdings. • Disarmament and arms control must be accompaniedbyinternationalcooperation and publicsecurityreform at thenational and local levels, includingpublic-privatepartnerships. • Crime Stoppers (and similar governmenttiplines) appearto be makingcontributionstotakingweapons off streets, question of buildingonexistingframeworks and scaling up and out.

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