46. IRONY

1. 46. IRONY • Definition – Contrast between expectations and reality. There are 3 kinds. • Examples: Verbal – “Pop quiz tomorrow!” Situational – The titanic was advertised to be unsinkable. Dramatic –Viewers see killer hiding.

2. 47. LYRIC POETRY • Definition –poetry that does not tell a story but only expresses a speaker’s emotions or thoughts. • Example: Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate. • Memorization Tip: Think lyrics from a song. This poetry is musical and emotional.

3. 48. METAPHOR • Definition – figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another thing without the use of the word like, as, than, or resembles. • Example: Life is a maze. • Memorization Tip: THINK ABOUT THIS MATH EQUATION: METAPHOR (4) TWO (2) = 2 unlike things being compared

4. Language Activity #14 ROOT: —Dic, -Dict MEANING: Say, speak EXAMPLE: Dictate – to command Come up w/ 2 words using the root: 1.______________2._____________

5. 49. METER Definition – generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry. • of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry. • Ways people read poetry –they emphasize certain syllables • Think meter …measure…way to measure syllables.

6. 50. MOOD • Definition - a story’s atmosphere or the feeling it evokes. • Think moody = Feeling something? • The feeling a story evokes!

7. 51. MYTH • Definition – traditional story that is rooted in a particular culture, is basically religious, and usually serves to explain a belief, a ritual, or a mysterious natural phenomenon. • Story based in a particular culture. • Think mythical creatures. • Think Lochness monster! • Think Big Foot! • Think werewolves!

8. 52. NARRATION • Definition – type of writing or speaking that tells about a series of related events. • A type of writing where the speaker tells what happens. • Think narrator who tells a story.

9. 53. NARRATOR • Definition – the voice telling a story. • Voice telling a story/ Point of view. • 1st person • Omniscient • Third person limited

10. 54. Non-Fiction • Definition – prose writing that deals with real people, things, events, and places. • Writing that deals with real people, real things, real events, and real places. • Think NON-FICTION NOT-FAKE

11. 55. NOVEL • Definition – fictional prose narrative usually consisting of more than fifty thousand words. • Fictional prose narrative usually consisting of more than 50,000 words. • WHAT A NOVELTY! HOW GRAND! WHAT A LONG STORY!

12. 56. ONOMATOPOEIA • Definition – use of a word whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning. • ONO = AWW NO!!! • SOUNDS. SOUNDS. SOUNDS!!!

13. 57. PARADOX • Definition – statement or situation that seems to be a contradiction but reveals a truth. • PARA= not normal, strange, wondering • “The Gift of the Magi” – Della and Jim are the richest couple on earth. (rich in love but not in money) • Nobody goes to that restaurant, it's too crowded. • Don't go near the water until you've learned to swim. • The man who wrote such a stupid sentence cannot write at all. • If you get this message, call me; if you don't, then don't worry about it.

14. 58. PARALLELISM • Definition – repetition of words, phrases, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure or that state a similar idea. • Repetition of words or phrases or sentences that have the same GRAMMATICAL structure “I came, I saw, I conquered.” – Julius Caesar

15. 59. PERSONA • Definition – mask or voice assumed by a write • Mask or voice assumed by the writer • The author takes on another PERSON’s view point

16. 60. Personification • Definition – kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human. • A kind of metaphor in which a nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human. • PERSON = HUMAN • You are making something nonhuman HUMAN. • The wind whispers.

17. 61. Plot • Definition – series of related event that make up a story or drama. • Series of related events that make up a story or drama. • Plot = think of a chain. All of these events link together.

18. 62. Poetry • Definition – type of rhythmic, compressed language that uses figures of speech and imagery to appeal to the reader’s emotions and imagination. • KEY WORDS: rhythmic, uses figurative language and imagery to appeal to a reader’s emotions and imagination. • Ex. Legal Alien • “A handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds.”

19. 63. POINT OF VIEW • Definition – vantage point from which a writer tells a story. In broad terms there are three possible points of view: omniscient, first person, and third person limited. • Omniscient = all-knowing (OMMMM = sounds like a prayer…God-Like…knows everything!) • 1st person = 1st person pronoun “I” (Think 1 looks like I) • 3rd person = Third person pronouns He, she, they, it (Number 3 rhymes with HE, SHE) • Vantage POINT = POINT of VIEW

20. 64.PROTAGONIST • Definition – main character in fiction or drama. • Main character • PRO = YES the character you are rooting for.

21. 65. PUN • Definition – play on the multiple meanings of a word or on two words that sound alike but have different meanings. • Play on multiple meanings of words. • Pun rhymes with FUN. Think funny jokes. • How do you make a tissue dance? You put a BOOGIE in it. Boogie – Booger Boogie – Dance

22. 66. REFRAIN • Definition – repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines. • Repeated words. • “Hey, hey, HEY.” • This phrase is repeated throughout his song. Think REfrain = REpeat

23. 67. RHYME • Definition – repetition of accented vowel sounds and all sounds following them in words that are close together in a poem. • Repetition of sounds that are similar. • End rhyme = rhyme at the END of the line Ms. Tran’s scholars will score 858, This will make our school so great. • Internal rhyme = rhyme INSIDE the line Once upon a midnight dreary while I pondered weak and weary

24. 68. RYTHYM • Definition – musical quality in language produced by repetition. • Think rhythm, think music. MUSICAL QUALITY in language.

25. 69. SATIRE • Definition – type of writing that ridicules something – a person, a group of people, humanity at large, an attitude or failing, a social institution-in order to reveal a weakness. • SATIRE – PUT SOMETHING UNDER FIRE (“put on blast”) • Making fun of something 

26. 70. SCENE DESIGN • Definition – sets, lights, costumes, and props, which bring a play to life onstage. • SCENE in a PLAY. • What sets, lights, costumes, and props do they use?

27. 71. Setting • Definition – a time and place of a story or play • Where a story is SET. • The real HOMS  • “windows that can’t breathe” • “swollen door”

28. 72. SHORT STORY • Definition – short, concentrated, fictional prose narrative • LOOK FOR THE WORD SHORT in the answer choices, and you’ve got the right answer. You’re welcome.

29. 73. SIMILE • Definition – figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike tings, using a word such as like, as resembles, or than. • A comparison between 2 unlike things USING the words like, as, than, or resembles. • My scholars are as bright as the sun.

30. 74. SOLILOQUY • Definition – long speech in which a character who is onstage alone expresses his or her thoughts aloud • speech given by a character alone by themselves. • SOLO = alone • SOLOlilquy…

31. 75. SONNET • Definition – fourteen-line lyric poem that is usually written in iambic pentameter and that has one of several rhyme schemes. • Think of a woman who had 14 sons. • She wrote a 14 line poem about how she had a net of sons.

32. 76. SPEAKER • Definition – voice that is talking to us in a poem. • Voice talking to us in a poem. • You hear a voice over the SPEAKER. • “Legal Alien” = voice of a Mexican American who is lost in her culture.

33. 77. STANZA • Definition – group of consecutive lines in a poem that form a single unit. • GROUP OF CONSECUTIVE LINES IN A POEM THAT FORM A SINGLE UNIT. • Think STANZA, STANDS ALONE • The chunks of a poem.

34. 78. STYLE • Definition – the particular way in which a write uses language • PARTICULAR WAY AN AUTHOR USES LANGUAGE. • Just like YOU have a fashion style to wear clothes your way, authors use language in different ways to create style. • Edgar Allan Poe = scary, moody, emotional, twisted = represented through his repetition and varies short and long sentences.

35. 79. SUSPENSE • Definition – uncertainty or anxiety the reader feels about what is going to happen next in the story • ANXIETY the reader feels about the reading. • SUSPENSE…what events will COMMENCE?! • Someone thinks you’re a suspect for a murder..you get NERVOUS...you get ANXIETY!!

36. 80. SYMBOL • Definition – person, place, thing, or event that stands for itself and for something beyond itself as well • SYMBOL is SOMETHING that STANDS for SOMETHING

37. 81. TALL TALE • Definition – exaggerated, far-fetched story that is obviously untrue but is told as though it should be believed. • That mountain is SO tall and SO far. • A tale that is exaggerated and far-fetched (unbelievable). • Paul Bunyan : giant, tall lumberjack

38. 82. THEME • Definition – central idea of a work of literature • CENTRAL IDEA OF A WORK. • Usually a phrase *Love conquers all. *War tears people apart.

39. 83. TONE • Definition – attitude a writer takes toward a subject, a character, or the audience • Attitude a writer has towards a subject. • Think of your mother saying, “WATCH THAT TONE OF VOICE YOUNG LADY…”

40. 84. TRAGEDY • Definition – play that depicts serious and important events in which the main character comes to an unhappy end • UNHAPPY ENDING • OPPOSITE OF COMEDY.

41. 85. VOICE • Definition – the writer’s or speaker’s distinctive use of language in a text • Distinctive use of language in a text. • The speaker may be a mother and her voice is motherly, nurturing, caring, and loving. • The author uses specific words (language) to create the character of the mother. • “Honey…” “M’am”

42. Term # 86. ARGUMENT • Definition: a series of statements in a text designed to convince us of something • Example: Persuasive Essay – you argue your opinion • Memorization Tip: You get into an arGUMent with your teacher on why you should be able to chew GUM in class.

43. 87. CAUSE and EFFECT • Definition – a text structure that shows how or why one thing leads to another. • HOW and WHY one thing leads to another. • Do not study for the test  Poor score on the test • Bad attitude in class  Parent conference • Be rude and disrespectful in class  Receive a referral • Drop out of high school  Earn minimum wage

44. 88.CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER • Definition –the arrangement of details in time order, that is, in the order in which they occurred • TIME ORDER. • CHRO • CHROME… • CHROME watches • Watches tell time..

45. 89. CLAIM • Definition – the idea or opinion that a writer tries to prove or defend in an argument. • CLAIM = OPINION • CLAIM rhymes with LAME • My opinion is that dogs are lame.

46. COHERENT • Definition – logically integrated, consistent, and understandable

47. ALLEGORY • SYMBOLIC STORY (characters/events/actions STAND for something) • ALLEGORY RHYMES WITH STORY!!! • “The Golden Kite, Silver Wind” (2 towns building walls represent 2 countries in an arms race)

48. ALLEGORY • SYMBOLIC STORY (characters/events/actions STAND for something) • ALLEGORY RHYMES WITH STORY!!! • “The Golden Kite, Silver Wind” (2 towns building walls represent 2 countries in an arms race)

49. ALLEGORY • SYMBOLIC STORY (characters/events/actions STAND for something) • ALLEGORY RHYMES WITH STORY!!! • “The Golden Kite, Silver Wind” (2 towns building walls represent 2 countries in an arms race)

50. ALLEGORY • SYMBOLIC STORY (characters/events/actions STAND for something) • ALLEGORY RHYMES WITH STORY!!! • “The Golden Kite, Silver Wind” (2 towns building walls represent 2 countries in an arms race)