Prehistoric Period and First Contacts

1. Prehistoric Period and First Contacts

2. GPS SS8H1 The student will evaluate the development of Native American Cultures and the impact of European exploration and settlement on the Native American cultures in Georgia.

3. SS8H1a Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.

4. Paleo Indian Culture

8. Paleo Indian Culture

9. Archaic Indian Culture

12. Archaic Indian Culture

13. Woodland Indian Culture

19. Woodland Era Indian Culture

20. Mississippian Indian Culture

24. Mississippian Indian Culture

26. Make three columns and identify some of the elements of Creek and Cherokee culture (use pages 84 to 91 in Textbook as resource)

27. SS8H1b Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures including the Spanish missions along the Barrier Islands, and the exploration of De Soto SS8H1c Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement in North America, with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and English in the southeastern area.

28. First Explorer in Georgia

29. The Spanish • Founded St. Augustine in 1565 • First Spanish mission in 1566 on St. Catherine’s Island • Missions covered area along the barrier islands and coastal plain called Guale (named after one of the local tribes) • Purposes a. Convert natives to Christianity b. Assimilate tribesmen c. Physical presence against French and English

31. V. Decline of Spanish missions • Diseases and overworked men • “Slave-raids” by British and allies (Yamasee who later work with Georgia colony) • Spanish Empire losing world power after Spanish Armada in 1588. • Last mission remained until 1684

32. The French • Founded Fort Caroline at mouth of St. John’s River (near Jacksonville) • Wanted base to battle Spanish for control of southeast and steal gold • Spanish captured fort and drove out French • French remain in Mississippi River and New Orleans

33. The English • Reasons for exploring and settling the southeastern area a. Overcrowding in England b. Compete with Spanish and French c. Religious freedom d. Economic opportunities

34. Jamestown started in 1607 • Carolina colony founded in 1670 (built Charleston in 1670) • Ocmulgee trading post (located by the mounds) founded in 1690. a. 1703 Col. James Moore and Creek warriors devastated the Spanish mission system b. 1715 Yamassee War, 90% of the English traders were killed. c. British and Creeks defeat and push Yamassees back to Florida V. 1721 to 1728 Fort King George was built at mouth of Altamaha River (buffer against Spanish)