Climate

1. Climate Patterns and Factors

2. What is Climate? • Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over long periods. • Climate can be contrasted to weather, which is the present condition of these elements and their variations over shorter periods. • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate • http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/mapping/interactive-map/?lg=11&b=0&f=131&bbox=-174.77644,11.95335,-8.13581,68.81593&ar_a=1&ls=801007&t=1

3. http://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gifhttp://koeppen-geiger.vu-wien.ac.at/pics/kottek_et_al_2006.gif

4. Climate Patterns • A climate pattern is any recurring characteristic of the climate. Climate patterns can last tens of thousands of years, like the glacial and interglacial periods within ice ages, or repeat each year, like monsoons • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_pattern • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qEPVyrSWfQE • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95TtXYjOEv4&feature=related

5. Climate Patterns • http://www.google.com/imgres?start=103&hl=en&biw=1920&bih=955&tbm=isch&tbnid=L0qLNfv9kL3OPM:&imgrefurl=http://istgeography.wikispaces.com/3b_climate&docid=6AribsGbXsuUNM&imgurl=http://istgeography.wikispaces.com/file/view/Canberra_Climate_Graph.jpg/62179914/882x655/Canberra_Climate_Graph.jpg&w=905&h=628&ei=_CgrUMqCJq6yiQem8oGYBw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1158&vpy=491&dur=863&hovh=187&hovw=270&tx=179&ty=98&sig=109419685136721919466&page=3&tbnh=131&tbnw=189&ndsp=54&ved=1t:429,r:14,s:103,i:140

6. Building a Bar Graph • X to the left • Y to the sky • Titles on the top, X and Y axis • Two comparing months are together, gap between the next set of data. • Even spacing for data

7. Build a graph!!! Comparison between Chittagong Bangladesh and London, England, 2005 • Rainfall (mm) • Chittagong London • January 5 54 • February 28 40 • March 64 37 • April 150 37 • May 264 46 • June 533 45 • July 597 57 • August 518 59 • September 320 49 • October 180 57 • November 56 64 • December 15 48

8. 5 Factors and Climate 1. Latitude or distance from the equator • Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. In areas closer to the poles, sunlight has a larger area of atmosphere to pass through and the sun is at a lower angle in the sky. As a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler. • In addition, the presence of ice and snow nearer the poles causes a higher albedo, meaning that more solar energy is reflected, also contributing to the cold.

9. 5 Factors and Climate 2. Altitude or height above sea level • Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. Temperature usually decreases by 1°C for every 100 metres in altitude. 3. Distance from the sea • Oceans heat up and cool down much more slowly than land. This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland at the same latitude and altitude. Glasgow, for example, is at a similar latitude to Moscow, but is much milder in winter because it is nearer to the coast than Moscow..

10. 5 Factors and Climate 4. Ocean currents • Britain has a maritime climate. A warm ocean current called the North Atlantic Drift keeps Britain warmer and wetter than places in continental Europe.

11. 5 Factors and Climate • Prevailing wind • The prevailing wind is the most frequent wind direction a location experiences. In Britain the prevailing wind is from the south west, which brings warm, moist air from the Atlantic Ocean. This contributes to the frequent rainfall. When prevailing winds blow over land areas, it can contribute to creating desert climates. • http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/weather_climate/climate_rev3.shtml