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The Failure of the League and the End of Peacemaking

The Failure of the League and the End of Peacemaking. Warm-Up: Using the documents, answer the question: What different attitudes towards the outcome of Locarno do Sources A-D demonstrate? Have your homework ready to collect, if it isn’t ready when I come around, it will be considered late. .

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The Failure of the League and the End of Peacemaking

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  1. The Failure of the League and the End of Peacemaking Warm-Up: Using the documents, answer the question: What different attitudes towards the outcome of Locarno do Sources A-D demonstrate? Have your homework ready to collect, if it isn’t ready when I come around, it will be considered late.

  2. The Impact of the Great Depression • Caused by the weakening of nations • Eastern Europe • Soviet Union • England • Germany • Nations turned inward • Aggressive nations, like Japan and Germany used conquering to fix their economy.

  3. Japan’s Struggle… • Industrial revolution, largest power in Asia • Lack of natural resources and high pop. led to Japan being dependent on U.S • Collapse of U.S economy led to high tariffs • Caused starvation and massive unemployment in Japan • Radical Nationalists attempted to take over and to get rid of liberal capitalist system

  4. Why Manchuria? • Resource rich • Govt weak (warlords) • Japan already had control of Korea (since 1910) • Japanese argued that China at attacked Japanese property/citizens • Popular support for invasion • Puppet state of Manchukuo est. • League was challenged by China, but did nothing.

  5. Failure to Respond • U.S & U.K couldn’t cooperate • Japan=not a concern of Europe • Collective Security in the Far East=Dead • Start of Appeasement • Only France & England in League; none had military power in the Far East • No groups willing to sacrifice • U.S had the most interest • Wanted to protect interests • Isolationists • Lacked military power

  6. “Moral Condemnation” • League Powerless to stop Japanese • Lytton Report (1932) • Japan had legit grievances against Manchuria • Proposed that China free Manchuria and Japanese leave • Japan withdrew from the League

  7. Abyssinia • Mussolini controlled Italy • Fascists=national strength (i.e. more land) • “New Roman Empire” • Hitler controlled Germany • Italy’s power curbed • Italy defended T.O.V when Hitler annexed Austria • Italy pledge to resist Germany Germany no longer in the League (1932)

  8. What was Abyssinia? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwx78c10kp0

  9. Hoare-Laval Pact A plan devised by the French and British to settle the Abyssinian crisis and avoid losing Italy as an ally against Hitler Failed due to lack of public support and Mussolini’s refusal to accept only part of Abyssinia.

  10. Summary The League and concept of Collective Security proved ineffective U.K and France couldn’t fight—weren’t ready to defend themselves U.K and France were unwilling to support Italy—so he turned to Hitler. (Italy is always switching sides….)

  11. Reflection To what extent is the Depression to the blame for the failure of collective security?

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