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Mass Spectrometer

Mass Spectrometer. Used to identify atoms and their concentrations in a sample of material. Between S1 and S2, molecules go straight if q E = q v B or v = E/B After S2, B produces circular motion q v B’ = m v 2 /r m = q B’ r/v = q B B’ r/E Found isotopes. E8 – Topics to cover.

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Mass Spectrometer

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  1. Mass Spectrometer • Used to identify atoms and their concentrations in a sample of material. • Between S1 and S2, molecules go straight if • q E = q v B • or v = E/B • After S2, B produces circular motion • q v B’ = m v2/r • m = q B’ r/v = q B B’ r/E • Found isotopes Magnetism

  2. E8 – Topics to cover • Magnetic Force on a wire • Torque on a wire • Electric Motors - lab • Creating currents in moving loops • Eddy currents in moving conductors Magnetism

  3. Force on a wire • Magnetic force of a straight wire segment Magnetism

  4. Demo: Magnetic Force • Interaction between B field and currentMoving charges are affected by B fields Magnetism

  5. Force on Current in B Field • Direction of F • given by Right Hand Rule • fingers = I • bend fingers = B • thumb = F (for uniform field) Magnetism

  6. Think-Pair-Share • (a) What is the magnitude of the force per meter of length on a straight wire carrying an 8.40-A current when perpendicular to a 0.90-T uniform magnetic field? • (b) What if the angle between the wire and field is 45.00? Magnetism

  7. Torque on a wire • A loop carrying a current will experience a torque which causes the loop to ROTATE! • μ is the loop’s magnetic moment • Expresses the strength and south-to-north orientation of the loop’s equivalent bar magnet Magnetism

  8. Torque on a Loop • Forces on segments of a loop cause the loop to rotate • Simplify by replacing loop with magnet • Fingers in direction of current, thumb represents NORTH pole of magnet • Think about the loop as a magnet will rotate so that the north face of the magnet points in the direction of the magnetic field Magnetism

  9. Electric Motors - Torque • In each orientation, which way will the loop rotate? • Changing the direction of the current will keep the loop spinning Magnetism

  10. Commutator • To change the direction of the current and keep the loop spinning, a commutator is used • http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/electricmotor.htm Magnetism

  11. Eddy currents in moving conductors • You can create a current in a metal plate by moving the plate through a magnetic field. • Current density will be constant in the region of the magnetic field Magnetism

  12. Practice Problems • Magnetism: Worksheets 3 and 5 • Finish before next class Magnetism

  13. Group Problems • E8B.1 • E8B.4 • E8S.5 Magnetism

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