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BCGCA3004B

BCGCA3004B. Construct Wall Framing. Wall Framing. Building Code of Australia states that All timber framing is to be done in accordance with AS 1682 This is an all encompassing standard which details the allowable construction methods. Wall Frame Members.

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BCGCA3004B

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  1. BCGCA3004B Construct Wall Framing

  2. Wall Framing • Building Code of Australia states that • All timber framing is to be done in accordance with AS 1682 • This is an all encompassing standard which details the allowable construction methods

  3. Wall Frame Members • Parts of a frame perform specific functions- supporting live & dead loads- resist Racking Forces- resist Overturning Forces- resist Sliding Forces- resist Uplift Forces -Most members provide a face to accept linings (this means that member sizes may be limited)

  4. Timbers Generally Used- Radiata Pine- Oregon (Douglas Fir)- Various Hardwood Species • Various combinations of -timbers, -engineered wood products-materials such as steelmay be used WHY?

  5. Galvanized Steel Strap Bracing Engineered Timber (LVL) Lintels Radiata Pine Studs Structural Steel Engineered Timber (I Beams) Deep Joists

  6. Other more exotic Timbers such as Cypress Pine may be used.-Why?

  7. Wall Frames • Frames are classified into 2 categories • Load Bearing – They are structural frames, they transfer loads from roof or upper floor to the supporting floor frame. They can be either external or internal walls. • Non Load Bearing –- do not support any structural loads.- They support their own weight- Non structural loads doors and frame, kitchen cupboards, driers etc. - support some live loads eg Doors closing. Therefore there are some minimum requirements for theses AS 1684.2 cl 6.3.5

  8. AS 1684.2 cl 6.3.5

  9. Basic Frame Components Refer page 187 TAFE Guide

  10. Refer AS1684.2 cl 6.1.2

  11. Frame Member Functions • Plates • Horizontal members that form the top & bottom of the frame. • Bottom plate is usually 50mm for unseasoned timber 45mm for seasoned. • Top plate is usually the same section size as bottom plate. • For trussed roof top plates will be 75mm for unseasoned and 70mm for seasoned • Top plate may be made up by 2 x 38 (35) • Thicker top plates means that trusses or upper floor joists do not need to be placed direct over a stud

  12. Plates AS 1684.2 cl 6.2.2

  13. Studs • Vertical members placed between the plates • The set the wall height • Studs in external frames resist Wind Loads • Generally Stud sizes are 75mm or 100mm wide by 50mm or 38mm in unseasoned timbers and70mm or 90mm wide by 35mm or 45mm in seasoned timbers. • Required Stud sizes can be found in AS 1684.2 Supplements

  14. Studs Continued • Several Different types of Studs - Common- Door & Window- Secondary Jamb Studs- Jack & Short

  15. Trimmers • Horizontal members fixed between window studs and door studs. • Referred to as Sill or Head trimmers • Usually of the same section size bottom plates • Openings wider than 1800mm require trimmers as specified in AS 1684.2 cl6.3.6.6 & table 6.3

  16. Trimming Studs • Run from Trimmers to Plates • Used to block out Narrow Lintel • Where use in conjunction with Lintel they may take structural loads • Must be same depth as wall frame to accept finishes • May also be referred to as “Jack”, “Soldier”, or “Short” studs

  17. Noggins • Horizontal Member cut between studs to keep them - straight- evenly spaced- prevent twisting- allows studs to carry higher load- Maximum spacing 1350mm, there walls upto 2700mm require only 1 row of noggins

  18. Noggins AS 1684.2 cl 6.2.1.5

  19. Blocking • Placed at intersections of wall frames • Normally 3 Blocks per intersection

  20. Blocking AS1684.2

  21. Lintels • Also referred to as a Head • Horizontal Load Bearing Member between Studs • Purpose is to transfer loads to side of openings • May be made of many materials- Timber- Engineered Timbers- Structural Steel or Cold Rolled Steel Sections

  22. Bracing • Provide lateral stability of Walls • Provide resistance against racking forces induced direct wind loads • Provide resistance to Roof loads induced onto top plates.

  23. Bracing Methods Timber Bracing – 50 to 75 mm x 19 to 25mm checked into and nailed flush into face of studs. Braces must be installed in opposing pairs in external bracing walls. This method is virtually never used today. Rated 0.8 kN/m

  24. Types of Bracing Perforated Metal Bracing- Installed in similar method as timber brace with a saw cut into the plates and studs. The brace is then nailed flush onto the studs and plates. Braces must be installed in opposing pairs in external walls. Rated 0.8 kN/m

  25. Types of Bracing

  26. Types of Bracing Flat Metal or Hoop Iron Bracing • 19mm Wide x 0.8mm • Zincalume • Two braces are fixed in opposite directions • Fitted with Compression Clamps • Rated 1.5kN/m

  27. Types of Bracing Sheet Bracing • Structural Plywood (Must be Stamped) • Hardboard (Masonite) • Fibre Cement • Resists Strong Wind Loads • Can be used on Narrow Panels – Why? • Usually on external walls in cavity – Why? • Minimum 7mm (Not Necessarily Correct) • Must be nailed off as per AS 1684.2 • Plate Steel can be used in High Wind Load Areas

  28. Bracing AS 1684.2

  29. Location of Bracing • AS 1684 cl 8.3.6.6 states • Bracing should be evenly distributed and be provided in both directions • Should be placed initially at corners

  30. Spacing of Bracing Walls • AS 1684.2 Cl 8.3.6.7 states • For Single Storey Building or Upper Storey of Double Storey Buildings • Maximum distance between bracing wall shall be 9000mm for Wind Classifications up to N2

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