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BIOMASS and development of the Component Ratio Method or CRM

BIOMASS and development of the Component Ratio Method or CRM. What’s hot? Carbon and Climate!. Land use/ Land cover. Climate Change Station. Range and Urban. Forests and Annual TPO. Biomass and Carbon. FIA monitoring engine. Biomass .

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BIOMASS and development of the Component Ratio Method or CRM

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  1. BIOMASS and development of the Component Ratio Method or CRM

  2. What’s hot? Carbon and Climate! Land use/ Land cover Climate Change Station Range and Urban Forests and Annual TPO Biomass and Carbon FIA monitoring engine

  3. Biomass Recent emphasis on the importance of carbon monitoring has elevated the need for consistent biomass estimation for every national inventory in the world. FIA needed a compatible system for biomass and volume estimation in its national inventory database to serve carbon as well as other clients

  4. National consistency Biomass-volume compatibility in our national database Realistic estimates of any component for any selected area Biomass estimation goals

  5. Some perspective on 865 tree species in the continental U.S. Tree speciesAll Volume Top 12 50% Top 35 75% Top 100 96% Other 765 4% ..and, about 70% of aboveground tree volume/biomass is in the bole

  6. General tendency All the boles are strong All the trees are good looking All the sites are above average A note about biomass research studies

  7. but we know…. biomass is variable Select red oaks – average sound bole volume by latitude Localized study data can often be spread a long, long way…

  8. Jenkins et. al complied a massive set of information on biomass estimation in the United States. This research included valuable information on the relationships of various tree components such as boles, tops, limbs, stumps, etc Recent U.S. Research on biomass

  9. FIA development of CRM CRM is the Component Ratio Method for calculating total biomass by tree component CRM is a modified version of the commonly used biomass expansion factor (BEF) approach CRM relies on individual tree measurements to estimate bole volume and missing and rotten material CRM relies on published biomass studies to establish relationships between tree boles and other tree and site components

  10. Knowledge The FIA national inventory has bole data on nearly 3 million trees …and Jenkins et al. has valuable data on tree component ratios for dozens of key species

  11. Knowledge fusion Use FIA data for tree bole volume Use Jenkins et al. research for tree component ratios relative to the bole

  12. Outcome Compatible estimates of volume and biomass for components at the tree level for all trees in the national database

  13. Comparisons of biomass by species, region and method were analyzed Because CRM is only sound wood it generally, tracks slightly lower than Jenkins et. al

  14. So what? CRM reflects sound biomass only since the characteristics of rotten cull are not well known and, of course, missing material has no biomass – a nasty shortcoming of simple dbh-driven models CRM will better capture trends if rotten cull and missing material levels are not constant under climate change scenarios- which they likely will not be – consider Katrina

  15. A potential issue with simple biomass models A simple Dbh driven biomass model would yield higher biomass after Katrina due to increased dbh… but an incorrect biomass due to missing material… Before Katrina After Katrina And …adding the down-woody estimate would double count the material.

  16. Bottom line 80 years of FIA bole volume experience capitalized Published tree component ratio experience capitalized Every tree in database has compatible components Cull and missing material trends can be accounted You can perform analysis on the component of choice You can spatially cookie cut the database reliably You can recast older data for consistent trends

  17. To Date Research Note NRS-38 Specific Gravity and Other Properties of Wood and Bark for 156 Tree Species Found in North America Patrick D. Miles and W. Brad Smith Prepared paperSpecific Gravity and Other Properties of Wood and Bark for 156 Species of Trees Found in North America (updates Jenkins and adds more data on bark and species green weights) Prepared paper Investigation into Calculating Tree Biomass and Carbon in the FIADB Using a Biomass Expansion Factor Approach Loaded the national databasewith new compatible component data using the CRM-BEF approach 2008 FIA Symposium (RMRS-P-56) Investigation into Calculating Tree Biomass and Carbon in the FIADB Using a Biomass Expansion Factor Approach Linda S. Heath, Mark H. Hansen, James E. Smith, W. Brad Smith, and Patrick D. Miles

  18. Future developments • Improve component ratios by species • Improve bole volume estimates based on taper equations • Improve non-tree carbon pool estimation • Develop national biomass/carbon accounting system

  19. FINAL NOTE: Is it clear what you are measuring? This modified diagram from Harold Young’s work should be a mandatory addition to any future biomass research Ref Description 1 Small roots 2 Medium roots 3 Large roots 4a Stump above ground level 4b Stump below ground 5 Bole to a 4" top (10cm) 6 Large branches 7a Small branches 7b Leaves or needles 8 Central stem above 4" top

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