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Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

Egyptian Gods and Goddesses . Egyptian Religion. Amon. Amon was one of the most powerful gods in ancient Egypt . He was the god of the city-state of Thebes. When combined with Ra, he was then called Amon-Ra. Anubis. God of embalming and the dead

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Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

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  1. Egyptian Gods and Goddesses

  2. Egyptian Religion

  3. Amon • Amon was one of the most powerful gods in ancient Egypt. • He was the god of the city-state of Thebes. • When combined with Ra, he was then called Amon-Ra.

  4. Anubis • God of embalming and the dead • Since jackals were often seen in cemeteries, the ancient Egyptians believed that Anubis watched over the dead. • Anubis was the god who watched over the process of mummifying people when they died.

  5. Atum • Atum was a creator god. • Egyptians believed that Atum was the first god to exist on earth. • Believed he created all the other gods

  6. Bastet • Bastet was a protective goddess. • She was usually seen as a gentle protective goddess. She also sometimes appeared with the head of a lioness to protect the king in battle. • The cat was a symbol of Bastet. Egyptians made many statues of cats to honor her.

  7. Hapi • Hapi was the god of the flood • Hapi was especially important to the ancient Egyptians because he brought the flood every year. • The flood deposited rich silt on the banks of the Nile.

  8. Hathor • Hathor was a protective goddess. She was also the goddess of love and joy. • Hathor was connected with foreign places and materials. For instance, she was the goddess of the desert and the turquoise mines in the Sinai.

  9. Horus • Horus was the god of the sky. • He is probably most well-known as the protector of the rulers of Egypt. • The Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was the 'living Horus'.

  10. Isis • Isis was a protective goddess. • She used powerful magic spells to help people in need. • Isis was the wife of Osiris and the mother of Horus. Since each pharaoh was considered the 'living Horus', Isis was very important.

  11. Khepri • Khepri was a god of creation, the movement of the sun, and rebirth. • The ancient Egyptians believed that the beetles just appeared from nowhere- as they believed that their creator god had appeared from nowhere.  • Also connected with the sun god Ra who pushed the sun through the sky every day.

  12. Ma’at • Ma'at was the goddess of truth, justice, and harmony. • She was associated with the balance of things on earth. • The vizier who was in charge of the law courts was known as the “priest of Ma'at.”

  13. Osiris • Osiris was the god of the dead, and ruler of the underworld. • Osiris was a also a god of resurrection • Egyptians believed that Osiris gave them the gift of barley, one of their most important crops.

  14. Ptah • Ptah was the god of craftsmen and architects. • Chief god of the city of Memphis. • He was believed to determine the individual destiny of the artists near Thebes.

  15. Ra • Ra was the sun god. • He was the most important god of the ancient Egyptians. • The ancient Egyptians believed that Ra was swallowed every night by the sky goddess Nut, and was reborn every morning.

  16. Sekhmet • Sekhmet was the goddess of war and destruction. • Having once unleashed her powers for the destruction of mankind, the Egyptians feared her. • Egyptians built statues of her and tried to please her daily to save themselves from her destruction.

  17. Seth • Seth was the god of chaos. • Seth represented everything that threatened harmony in Egypt. • He killed his brother Osiris, then battled with his nephew Horus to be the ruler of the living.

  18. Sobek • Sobek was a Nile god. • Sobek was connected with the Nile, and protected the king. • Live crocodiles were kept in pools at temples built to honor Sobek.

  19. Thoth • Thoth was the god of writing and knowledge • The ancient Egyptians believed that Thoth gave them the gift of hieroglyphic writing. Thoth was also connected with the moon.

  20. Religion • Egyptians could not always predict what each year’s flooding would be like • Believed gods or goddesses controlled nature

  21. Religion • Egyptians believed the sun was a god named Ra who was born each day and died every night • This cycle led them to believe in an afterlife

  22. Religion • Each Egyptian city had one or more special gods or goddesses • As a city gained strength, its god became more important • For example: when the city of Thebes grew powerful, belief in the city’s god, Amon, spread. • They combined Amon and Ra, and considered Amon-Ra the most powerful god

  23. Wrap Up 1 Let’s review the gods and goddesses we have learned about.

  24. Wrap Up 2 Why was religion so important to the ancient Egpytians? What was the significance of the sun to ancient Egyptians? Who is Amon-Ra?

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