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International Organization, Policy, & Law

International Organization, Policy, & Law. International Organization, Policy, & Law. 4 Most Important Things to Know about IO 4 Most Important Things to Know about Foreign Policy 4 Most Important Things to Know about IL. International Organization. ~The Basics ~Evolution ~Expansion

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International Organization, Policy, & Law

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  1. International Organization, Policy, & Law

  2. International Organization, Policy, & Law • 4 Most Important Things to Know about IO • 4 Most Important Things to Know about Foreign Policy • 4 Most Important Things to Know about IL

  3. International Organization ~The Basics ~Evolution ~Expansion ~Cooperation

  4. IO: Basics What is International Organization? • Note ‘Organization’, no ‘s’ • Modern system • Actors • Issues

  5. IO: Evolution Universal Concern for Humans • Int’l Peace Conferences, The Hague (1899, 1907) • Responsibility • League of Nations • United Nations • Growth in membership • IGOs, NGOs

  6. IO Evolution About the United Nations • Purpose • Effectiveness • Structure • Transnational issues Ban Ki Moon, UN Secretary General

  7. http://www.un.org/en/aboutun/structure/pdfs/un_system_chart_colour_sm.pdfhttp://www.un.org/en/aboutun/structure/pdfs/un_system_chart_colour_sm.pdf

  8. IO: Expansion Expansion of IO • Increased international contact • Increased interdependence • Expansion of transnational problems • Failure of current state-centered system to provide security • Efforts of small states to gain strength through joint action • Provide role models

  9. IO Cooperation: IGOs • Interactive Arena • Self-interest • NATO • Center for Cooperation • Functionalism • ECOWAS • Independent International Actor • Proactive • UN • Supranational Governance • Authority • EU

  10. International Organization Recap ~The Basics ~Evolution ~Expansion ~Cooperation

  11. Foreign Policy ~The Basics ~Who Influences FP within States ~What Influences FP Making ~Different Types of FP Diplomacy Settings

  12. The Basics What is Foreign Policy? What is Diplomacy • Formal relations • Sovereignty • Recognize with an Embassy Objective • National self-interest Modern era • Treaty of Versailles, 1919

  13. About Foreign Policy Diplomacy Who is the most important diplomat for a country? Head of Government

  14. About Foreign Policy Diplomacy Head of State—Figurehead

  15. About Diplomacy Who Else? • Head of Government • Head Foreign Affairs Officer • Ambassadors • Civil servants • Foreign Service Officers William Hague, British Foreign Secretary

  16. Who Influences FP Making within States? • Executive Branch • Legislative Branch • Interest Groups • Voters • Political Opposition • Bureaucracy • Media

  17. What Influences Foreign Policy? Intermestic Issues • Domestic and Int’l Factors • Let’s build a road in Kentucky • Two-Level Games • Level One • Diplomat to Diplomat • Level Two • Diplomat to Population

  18. What Influences Foreign Policy? Two Levels Diplomat with hat Diplomat I Diplomat to Diplomat II II Diplomat to Population Diplomat to Population

  19. What Influences Foreign Policy? 2 Levels of Eurozone Crisis

  20. Different FP Diplomacy Settings Situations & Policy Environments • Hostile Diplomacy • Armed/potential armed • Adversarial Diplomacy • Little chance of conflict • Coalition Diplomacy • Cooperation • Mediation Diplomacy • 3rd party

  21. Foreign Policy: Recap ~The Basics ~Who Influences FP within States ~What Influences FP Making ~Different Types of FP Diplomacy Settings

  22. International Law ~The Basics ~Primitive Nature ~Western Phenomenon ~Adherence

  23. IL: The Basics • Based on customs, agreements, treaties • Increased over time • More actors • More contact • Increased interdependence • Greater need to coordinate policies, actions

  24. IL: Primitive Nature • Not legislated • Based on customs & agreements • No overarching enforcement authority • Sovereign states pursue self-interests

  25. IL: Western Phenomenon • European, then US domination • Father of International Law • Age of Reason • Natural Law Hugo Grotius (1583-1645)

  26. IL: Western Phenomenon • Early law  war • Contemporary law  transnational issues • Differences between cultures • Cultural relativism

  27. International Law ~Adherence Issues~

  28. International Law Adherence • Compliance is voluntary • Means of enforcement • Most states obey international laws- Why? • Reputation • Long-term benefits v. short term losses • Employ means to convince states to comply • Sets precedence for cooperation So, is international law really law? • Sovereignty v. adherence

  29. International Law: Recap ~The Basics ~Primitive Nature ~Western Phenomenon ~Adherence

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