Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function

1. Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport Organelles and the Nucleus Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 FINAL ROUND

2. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $100 Question • What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called? • cytosol • nucleoplasm • interstitial fluid • cytoplasm ANSWER BACK TO GAME

3. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $100 Answer • What is the intracellular fluid of a cell called? • cytosol • nucleoplasm • interstitial fluid • cytoplasm BACK TO GAME

4. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $200 Question • Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of the plasma membrane and are located on the ________ of the membrane. • hydrophilic; inside • hydrophilic; outside • hydrophobic; inside • hydrophobic; outside ANSWER BACK TO GAME

5. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $200 Answer • Fatty acid tails make up the ________ portion of • the plasma membrane and are located on the • ________ of the membrane. • hydrophilic; inside • hydrophilic; outside • hydrophobic; inside • hydrophobic; outside BACK TO GAME

6. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $300 Question • What type of membrane proteins catalyzes reactions in the extracellular fluid or within the cell? • receptor proteins • channel proteins • enzymes • recognition proteins ANSWER BACK TO GAME

7. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $300 Answer • What type of membrane proteins catalyzes • reactions in the extracellular fluid or within the • cell? • receptor proteins • channel proteins • enzymes • recognition proteins BACK TO GAME

8. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $400 Question • Membrane carbohydrates perform what function(s)? • They act as cell lubricants and adhesions. • They act as receptors for extracellular components. • They form part of the cell recognition system. • All of the answers are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

9. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $400 Answer • Membrane carbohydrates perform what • function(s)? • They act as cell lubricants and adhesions. • They act as receptors for extracellular components. • They form part of the cell recognition system. • All of the answers are correct. BACK TO GAME

10. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $500 Question • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are what type of membrane protein? • recognition protein • anchoring protein • enzyme • receptor protein ANSWER BACK TO GAME

11. Cell Theory and Plasma Membrane: $500 Answer • Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) • molecules are what type of membrane protein? • recognition protein • anchoring protein • enzyme • receptor protein BACK TO GAME

12. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $100 Question • Which of the following is a passive process? • endocytosis • diffusion • exocytosis • All of the answers are correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

13. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $100 Answer • Which of the following is a passive process? • endocytosis • diffusion • exocytosis • All of the answers are correct. BACK TO GAME

14. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $200 Question • Which of the following is not a characteristic of osmosis? • Water flows from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. • It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to water. • It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to solutes. • It is a passive process. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

15. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $200 Answer • Which of the following is not a characteristic of • osmosis? • Water flows from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. • It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to water. • It occurs across a membrane freely permeable to solutes. • It is a passive process. BACK TO GAME

16. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $300 Question • Red blood cells crenate in what type of solution? • hypertonic • hypotonic • isotonic • None of the answers is correct. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

17. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $300 Answer • Red blood cells crenate in what type of solution? • hypertonic • hypotonic • isotonic • None of the answers is correct. BACK TO GAME

18. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $400 Question • Normal saline is which type of solution? • hypertonic • isotonic • hypotonic • hemolytic ANSWER BACK TO GAME

19. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $400 Answer • Normal saline is which type of solution? • hypertonic • isotonic • hypotonic • hemolytic BACK TO GAME

20. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $500 Question • Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse across the plasma membrane? • small and lipid-soluble • small and water-soluble • large and lipid-soluble • large and water-soluble ANSWER BACK TO GAME

21. Cellular Diffusion, Osmosis, and Filtration: $500 Answer • Which type of molecule is most likely to diffuse • across the plasma membrane? • small and lipid-soluble • small and water-soluble • large and lipid-soluble • large and water-soluble BACK TO GAME

22. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $100 Question • Which process involves vesicular fusion with many lysosomes? • pinocytosis • facilitated diffusion • phagocytosis • cotransport ANSWER BACK TO GAME

23. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $100 Answer • Which process involves vesicular fusion with • many lysosomes? • pinocytosis • facilitated diffusion • phagocytosis • cotransport BACK TO GAME

24. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $200 Question • In active transport, what provides the energy needed to move ions or molecules across the membrane? • sodium and potassium ions • calcium ions • sodium ions alone • ATP molecules ANSWER BACK TO GAME

25. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $200 Answer • In active transport, what provides the energy • needed to move ions or molecules across the • membrane? • sodium and potassium ions • calcium ions • sodium ions alone • ATP molecules BACK TO GAME

26. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport:$300 Question • Which of the following is an example of both passive and carrier-mediated transport? • osmosis • facilitated diffusion • exchange pump • endocytosis ANSWER BACK TO GAME

27. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $300 Answer • Which of the following is an example of both • passive and carrier-mediated transport? • osmosis • facilitated diffusion • exchange pump • endocytosis BACK TO GAME

28. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $400 Question • Glucose and amino acids move across the plasma membrane via which mechanism? • diffusion • active transport • endocytosis • facilitated diffusion ANSWER BACK TO GAME

29. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $400 Answer • Glucose and amino acids move across the • plasma membrane via which mechanism? • diffusion • active transport • endocytosis • facilitated diffusion BACK TO GAME

30. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $500 Question • What is the correct order of the events of phagocytosis? • 1 - This fusion activates digestive enzymes. • 2 - The vesicle moves into the cytoplasm. • 3 - The enzymes break down the structure of the phagocytized • material. • 4 - Lysosomes fuse with the vesicle. • 5 - The pseudopodia approach one another and fuse to trap the • material within the vesicle. • 6 - A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and • sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. • 7 - Unresolved residue is then ejected from the cell by exocytosis. • 6-4-5-2-3-1-7 • 6-5-2-4-1-3-7 • 6-2-5-1-4-3-7 • 4-6-5-1-3-2-7 ANSWER BACK TO GAME

31. Carrier- and Vesicular-Mediated Transport: $500 Answer • What is the correct order of the events of phagocytosis? • 1 - This fusion activates digestive enzymes. • 2 - The vesicle moves into the cytoplasm. • 3 - The enzymes break down the structure of the phagocytized • material. • 4 - Lysosomes fuse with the vesicle. • 5 - The pseudopodia approach one another and fuse to trap the • material within the vesicle. • 6 - A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and • sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. • 7 - Unresolved residue is then ejected from the cell by exocytosis. • 6-4-5-2-3-1-7 • 6-5-2-4-1-3-7 • 6-2-5-1-4-3-7 • 4-6-5-1-3-2-7 BACK TO GAME

32. Organelles and the Nucleus: $100 Question • Which cytoskeletal proteins are found only in muscle cells? • microfilaments • intermediate filaments • thick filaments • microtubules ANSWER BACK TO GAME

33. Organelles and the Nucleus: $100 Answer • Which cytoskeletal proteins are found only in • muscle cells? • microfilaments • intermediate filaments • thick filaments • microtubules BACK TO GAME

34. Organelles and the Nucleus: $200 Question • Which organelles are called cellular "suicide packets"? • peroxisomes • membrane renewal vesicles • lysosomes • proteasomes ANSWER BACK TO GAME

35. Organelles and the Nucleus: $200 Answer • Which organelles are called cellular "suicide • packets"? • peroxisomes • membrane renewal vesicles • lysosomes • proteasomes BACK TO GAME

36. Organelles and the Nucleus: $300 Question • Chemical communication between the nucleus and the cytosol occurs through • the plasmalemma. • nuclear pores. • transport vesicles. • nucleoli. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

37. Organelles and the Nucleus: $300 Answer • Chemical communication between the nucleus • and the cytosol occurs through • the plasmalemma. • nuclear pores. • transport vesicles. • nucleoli. BACK TO GAME

38. Organelles and the Nucleus: $400 Question • Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. • triglycerides • glycogen • digestive enzymes • steroid hormones ANSWER BACK TO GAME

39. Organelles and the Nucleus: $400 Answer • Cells that produce ________ have a relatively low • amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and a • relatively high amount of rough endoplasmic • reticulum. • triglycerides • glycogen • digestive enzymes • steroid hormones BACK TO GAME

40. Organelles and the Nucleus: $500 Question • Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the following? • rough endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi apparatus • ribosomes • smooth endoplasmic reticulum ANSWER BACK TO GAME

41. Organelles and the Nucleus: $500 Answer • Cholesterol synthesis occurs in which of the • following? • rough endoplasmic reticulum • Golgi apparatus • ribosomes • smooth endoplasmic reticulum BACK TO GAME

42. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $100 Question • The first step of transcription involves which of the following? • RNA polymerase moves along the gene. • RNA nucleotides form bonds with DNA nucleotides. • RNA polymerase and mRNA strand detach. • RNA polymerase binds to a gene. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

43. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $100 Answer • The first step of transcription involves which of • the following? • RNA polymerase moves along the gene. • RNA nucleotides form bonds with DNA nucleotides. • RNA polymerase and mRNA strand detach. • RNA polymerase binds to a gene. BACK TO GAME

44. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $200 Question • For most of their lives, cells are in • cytokinesis. • interphase. • prophase. • mitosis. ANSWER BACK TO GAME

45. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $200 Answer • For most of their lives, cells are in • cytokinesis. • interphase. • prophase. • mitosis. BACK TO GAME

46. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $300 Question • Secondary tumors are associated with which of the following? • benign tumors • malignant tumors • all neoplasms • benign tumors and all neoplasms ANSWER BACK TO GAME

47. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $300 Answer • Secondary tumors are associated with which of • the following? • benign tumors • malignant tumors • all neoplasms • benign tumors and all neoplasms BACK TO GAME

48. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $400 Question • DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle? • anaphase • interphase • prophase • telophase ANSWER BACK TO GAME

49. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $400 Answer • DNA replication occurs during which phase of the • cell cycle? • anaphase • interphase • prophase • telophase BACK TO GAME

50. Protein Synthesis, Cell Life Cycle, Cancer, and Differentiation: $500 Question • What is the correct order of the steps of translation? • 1 - Ribosomal enzymes remove amino acid 1 from the first tRNA and attach it to amino acid 2 with a peptide bond. • 2 - Second tRNA arrives, carrying an amino acid, and its anticodon binds to the second codon of the mRNA strand. • 3 - Amino acids are added to the growing protein until the ribosome reaches the "stop" codon. • 4 - mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and the first tRNA arrives. • 5 - Small and large ribosomal subunits join together and enclose the mRNA. • 4-5-2-1-3 • 5-4-2-1-3 • 4-5-1-2-3 • 4-5-3-2-1 ANSWER BACK TO GAME