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Overview of native mobile apps and Appcelerator Titanium IDE

Overview of native mobile apps and Appcelerator Titanium IDE. http://www.flickr.com/photos/ourcage/8343799386/. Native apps vs mobile web apps. Native apps Install from app store Binary executables are stored on the phone Executables directly interact with the user Mobile web apps

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Overview of native mobile apps and Appcelerator Titanium IDE

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  1. Overview of native mobile appsand Appcelerator Titanium IDE http://www.flickr.com/photos/ourcage/8343799386/

  2. Native apps vs mobile web apps • Native apps • Install from app store • Binary executables are stored on the phone • Executables directly interact with the user • Mobile web apps • Install by hitting web page, maybe bookmarking • Binary executables are stored on a server • Executables generate HTML+CSS+JS for browser

  3. A multitude of mobile devices • Ancient days-Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) • Psion Organizer, Simon (first smartphone-1992), PalmPilot, Apple Newton • Typical limitations of PDAs… • No support for making phone calls • Inaccurate touch input (needed a stylus) • Short battery life (recharge every day) • Limited wireless support (usually had to "dock")

  4. Rise of the smartphone • Vastly improved capabilities • Sensors: GPS, accelerometers, gyroscopes, accurate touch input, camera, etc. • Output: High-resolution screens, good audio • Chipsets: Good CPU, wireless+3G, flash RAM • Plenty of options… • iOS, Android, Blackberry, Windows, Ubuntu, …

  5. Survey of over 2000 developers (2010 Q4 Mobile Developer Report) http://assets.appcelerator.com.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/Appcelerator-IDC-Q4-Mobile-Developer-Report.pdf

  6. Job openings as of Q1 2014 Starting salaries Android Software Engineer salary: $96,000 iOS Software Engineer salary: $102,000 http://www.itcareerfinder.com/brain-food/it-salaries/computer-software-engineer-salary-range.html

  7. Android rising… the death of iOS? "We estimate 152.1 million Android smartphones were shipped globally in Q4 2012, nearly doubling from 80.6 million units in Q4 2011," said Neil Mawston, executive director at Strategy Analytics. "Android's share of the global smartphone market has surged from 51% to 70% over the past year, crushing Symbian, Bada and other platforms in its wake. Almost half-a-billion Android smartphones were shipped in total worldwide during 2012. "Android is clearly the undisputed volume leader of the smartphone industry at the present time." http://www.informationweek.com/mobility/smart-phones/android-ios-leave-little-room-for-compet/240147104

  8. Don’t be so sure… http://www.techtimes.com/articles/4189/20140308/ios-and-windows-phone-gain-u-s-smartphone-market-share-at-the-expense-of-android-and-blackberry.htm

  9. Lessons from the market • Platforms come and go from fashion • iOS -> Android -> ? • What is next? • Gotta keep your code from going stale • Gotta keep your skills from going stale • Problem: non-portable native code

  10. Differences between one platform and another and another and another and another and another and… • Physical differences • Screen size • Textual input • Scrolling • Stylistic differences • “Back” and “Cancel” buttons • Placement of navigation bar • Colors

  11. How to target multiple platforms? • Option 1: Write platform-independent code, interpose libraries • Option 2: Write platform-independent code, compile to platform • Option 3: Platform-specific frameworks

  12. Option 1: Write platform-independent code, interpose libraries Your code This is basically how JavaScript worksin mobile web apps (each browser implements the ECMA specification for JavaScript and implements specified objects with binary libraries) Platform-specific binary libraries Some random platform

  13. Platform-independent frameworks • Option 1: just libraries, no compiler • jQTouch – pure HTML+CSS+JS • PhoneGap – HTML+CSS+JS + binary libraries

  14. Option 2: Write platform-independent code, compile to platform Your code This is basically how C++ works (a compiler for each platform compiles the source code into binary format accepted by the target operating system and hardware) Compiler Platform-specific binary Runtime library Some random platform

  15. Platform-independent frameworks • Option 2: compiler • Appcelerator – write JS, compile to binary • Adobe Air – write ActionScript, compile to Flash • In practice, both of these require platform-specific runtime libraries, even though they theoretically could compile code to pure binaries that would not require any runtime library.

  16. Option 3: Platform-specific frameworks You need different code for every platform… and probably still need runtime libraries as well. Platform-specific code Platform-specific code Compiler Compiler Platform-specific binary Platform-specific binary Runtime library Runtime library Some random platform Some random platform

  17. Option 3: Platform-specific frameworks • Examples of platform-specific frameworks • XCode – compiles Objective C to iOS binaries • Android SDK – compiles Java to Android binaries

  18. Pros and cons

  19. Overview of Appcelerator Titanium • Example of Option 2: Write (mostly) platform-independent code, compile to platform • Write code in JS • Compile to target platform • Works reasonably well for Android & iOS • Some minor differences between platforms

  20. A few Titanium APIs • Accelerometer • Camera • Compass • Contacts • Database • Facebook • Files • Geolocation • Gestures • Gyroscope • Map • Network • Preferences • Sound • Touchscreen • UI widgets • XML & JSON

  21. (Crossing out APIs that are hard to access in just a mobile web app) • Accelerometer • Camera • Compass • Contacts • Database • Facebook • Files • Geolocation • Gestures • Gyroscope • Map • Network • Preferences • Sound • Touchscreen • UI widgets • XML & JSON

  22. Pros & cons of choosing Titaniumas an example in this class • Pros • You already know JS – we can focus on mobile • You can use Titanium on Windows, Linux, Mac • You can compile to Android or iOS • Cons • Deploying Titanium to emulator slow • Other options: Either (a) work on a Mac and deploy to the iOS emulator, or (b) buy a cheap Android device

  23. What is next for you… • Windows + Linux users • Install Oracle JDK, set PATH and JAVA_HOME • Install Firefox • Install Appcelerator’s Titanium Studio • Install Android SDK • Mac users • Install Xcode • Install Appcelerator’s Titanium Studio • Optional: Install Android SDK

  24. Images used in this presentation • http://www.flickr.com/photos/samchurchill/5387613247/sizes/l/in/photostream/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/incredibleguy/5980129538/sizes/s/in/photostream/ • http://www.digitaltonto.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/android-share-of-smartphone-operating-system-market-nov-14-2011-e1328056252645.jpg • http://www.indeed.com/trendgraph/jobgraph.png?q=iphone%20developer%2C+android%20developer%2C+mobile%20web%20developer%2C+blackberry%20developer • http://www.flickr.com/photos/eklem/6727262207/sizes/z/in/photostream/

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