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MODALS: LOGICAL DEDUCTION FOR THE PAST must have been might/could have been can‘t have been

MODALS: LOGICAL DEDUCTION FOR THE PAST must have been might/could have been can‘t have been. By Mgr. Šárka Jurajdová. VY_32_INOVACE_AJ1r0108. Issues good to know 1. Read the short article and deduce what it must/might/can‘t have been like:

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MODALS: LOGICAL DEDUCTION FOR THE PAST must have been might/could have been can‘t have been

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  1. MODALS:LOGICAL DEDUCTION FOR THE PASTmust have beenmight/could have beencan‘t have been By Mgr. Šárka Jurajdová VY_32_INOVACE_AJ1r0108

  2. Issues good to know1 Read the short article and deduce what it must/might/can‘t have been like: The Columbine High School massacre (often known simply as Columbine) was a school shooting which occurred on April 20, 1999, at Columbine High School in Columbine, Colorado, United States. Two senior students, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold, embarked on a shooting spree in which a total of 12 students and one teacher were murdered. They also injured 21 other students directly, with three further people being injured while attempting to escape the school. The pair then committed suicide. It is the fourth-deadliest school massacre in United States history. 1/ Police ________ (prevent) it. Police might have prevented it. 2/ The victims‘ parents __________ (be) shocked and broken down. 3/ The young shooters ________ (make) their schoolmates scared to death. 4/ Dylan and Eric ________ (have) healthy minds. 5/ The legality to own a gun in the USA________ (influence) the situation. 6/ The two guys ________ (plan) it. 7/ It ________ (approve) of by anybody. (passive) 8/ The massacre ________ (spark) debates over the gun control laws. 2 – must have been, 3 – must have made, 4 – can‘t have had, 5 – might have influenced, 6 – must have planned, 7 – can‘t have been approved, 8 – must have sparked

  3. Issues good to know2 Read the short article and deduce what it must/might/can‘t have been like: Natascha Maria Kampusch(born 17 February 1988) is known for her abduction at the age of 10 on 2 March 1998. Kampusch was held in a secret cellar by her kidnapperWolfgang Priklopil for more than eight years, until she escaped on 23 August 2006. The media attention later led to her giving selected interviews, writing an autobiography (3,096 Days, published September 2010) and also signing a contract with Austrian channel Puls 4 for her own talk show, which had its premiere on 1 June 2008 but only ran for three episodes. 1/ Natascha _______ (form) her interpersonal intelligence that well since she was kept away from children of the same age for 8 years. 2/ Priklopil _______ (abuse) her, but these are only speculations. 3/ Writing the book ________ (help) her a lot. 4/ She _______ (develop) Stockholm syndrome because she cried at his funeral. 5/ After Priklopil‘s suicide, she retained the house. It _______ (mean) a lot to her and she _______ (not want) the house to become a museum. 6/ There were certain accusations that Natascha‘s mother _______ (involve) in her abduction. (passive) 1 – can‘t have formed, 2 – might have abused, 3 – must have helped, 4 – might have developed, 5 – must have meant, might not have wanted , 6 – might have been involved

  4. Issues good to know3 Read the short article and deduce what it must/might/can‘t have been like: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill is an oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico which flowed unabated for three months in 2010, and may be continuing to seep. It is the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry.The spill stemmed from a sea-floor oil gusher that resulted from the 20 April 2010explosion of Deepwater Horizon. The explosion killed 11 men working on the platform and injured 17 others. By 9 July 2011, roughly 491 miles (790 kilometers) of coastline in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida remained contaminated by BP oil, according to a NOAA spokesperson.[29] In October 2011, a NOAA report stated that dolphins and whales continue to die at twice the normal rate.[30] In April 2012, scientists reported finding alarming numbers of mutated crab, shrimp and fish they believe to be the result of chemicals released during the oil spill. 1/ Many species _______ (undergo) a real threat of their existence. 2/ The ecosystems _______ (regulate) the crisis on their own. 3/ The mutations _______ (cause) by anything else than the spill in such extent. (passive) 4/ If BP had spent more money on prevention, it _______ (avoid). (passive) 5/ Families of the dead workers _______ (blame) BP for the explosion. 6/ The polulations of whales and dolphins _______ (suffer) by a huge decrease of individuals. 1 – must have undergone, 2 – can‘t have regulated, 3 – can‘t have been caused, 4 – might have been avoided, 5 – must have blamed, 6 – must have suffered

  5. What must/might/can‘t have happened to those people? Match the following ideas to the pictures and provide some more: S/he must have disobeyed the command. S/he might have witnessed German occupation. S/he must have seen something terrible on the Internet. S/he might have seen a naked man. S/he must have seen something shocking.

  6. Sources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbine_High_School_massacre http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natascha_Kampusch http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Actress-fear-and-panic.jpg/750px-Actress-fear-and-panic.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bad_taste.jpg/409px-Bad_taste.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Damon_shocked.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Drill_instructor_at_the_Officer_Candidate_School.jpg/800px-Drill_instructor_at_the_Officer_Candidate_School.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Frenchmanweeps1940.jpg/757px-Frenchmanweeps1940.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Lucky_Diamond_Rich_face.jpg/395px-Lucky_Diamond_Rich_face.jpg

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