1 / 28

Programming and Languages

Chapter 13 . Programming and Languages. Overview. Define Programming Describe the Six Steps of Programming Discuss Design Tools Describe Program Testing Describe CASE Tools Describe Object-oriented Development Explain the Generations of Languages. Programs and Programming.

mort
Download Presentation

Programming and Languages

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 13 Programming and Languages

  2. Overview • Define Programming • Describe the Six Steps of Programming • Discuss Design Tools • Describe Program Testing • Describe CASE Tools • Describe Object-oriented Development • Explain the Generations of Languages

  3. Programs and Programming • What Is a Program? • Problem Solving Procedure • Instructions for the Computer to Follow • Statements Used in a Programming Language • Process Data into Information

  4. Programs and Programming • What Is Programming? • Six Step Procedure • Program Specification • Program Design • Program Code • Program Test • Program Documentation • Program Maintenance

  5. Program Specification • Program Objectives • Desired Output • Input Data • Processing Requirements • Program Specifications Document

  6. Program Design • Structured Programming Techniques • Top-down Programming Design • Modules • Program's Processing Steps • Pseudocode • Outline of Program Logic

  7. Program Design • Structured Programming Techniques • Flowchart • Geometric Shapes • Depict Sequence of Steps • Logic Structures • Sequential • Selection • Repetition

  8. Program Code • Writing The Program • AKA Coding • Good Program • Works Reliably • Produces Correct Output • Catches Common Input Errors • Code Is Documented and Understandable • Uses Appropriate Computer Language(s)

  9. Program Code • Coding • Symbols, Words, and Phrases • Content-markup Language • Instruct Computer to Structure Information for Display • Programming Language • Instruct Computer to Perform Specific Operations

  10. Program Test • Debugging • Process of Testing and then Eliminating Errors • Syntax Errors • Violation of Programming Language Rules • Logic Errors • Incorrect Calculation • Missing Procedure

  11. Program Test • Testing Process • Desk Checking • Manual Testing • Attempt at Translation • Testing Sample Data • Testing By a Select Group of Potential Users • Beta

  12. Program Documentation • Description of How to Use Program • Users • Operators • Description of Program Procedures • Programmers • Maintenance

  13. Program Maintenance • 75% of Total Lifetime Cost • Operations • Patches • Updates • Changing Needs

  14. CASE and OOP • Computer-aided Software Engineering (CASE) • Automates Portions of • Program Design • Coding • Testing • Object-oriented Programming (OOP) • Define Relationships Between Procedures

  15. CASE and OOP • Using IDE for RAD OOP

  16. Programming Languages • Categories • Low-level Languages • First and Second Generation • Machine Dependant • Typically Determined by Processor • Faster Execution, More Code Required • High-level Languages • Third, Fourth, and Fifth Generation • Machine Independent • Slower Execution, Less Code Required

  17. Programming Languages • Machine Language • Only Language Directly Understood • Uses Binary & Hexadecimal • Assembly Language • Instructions Made Up Of: • Symbolic Instruction Codes • Meaningful Abbreviations

  18. Programming Languages • Third Generation Language (3GL) • AKA Procedural • COBOL, FORTRAN, C • Compiler • Converts Entire Code to Machine Language • Interpreter • Translates One Statement at a Time • Must Be Interpreted Before Every Execution

  19. Programming Languages • Fourth Generation Language (4GL) • Task-oriented • SQL, Application Generator • More English-like • Easier to Program • Widely Used by Nonprogrammers

  20. Programming Languages • Fifth Generation Language (5GL) • Problem and Constraint Languages • Incorporate Concepts of Artificial Intelligence • Computer Learns and Applies New Information • Communicate Using Natural Languages

  21. Web Development • Planning • Establish Site Objectives • Launch a Business Presence • Selling Goods or Services • Increase Brand Recognition • Product Information • Employment • Marketing • Target Audience You Want to Reach • Demographics

  22. Web Development • Analysis • Measurable Goals • Determine Functionality • Web Benchmarking • Competition • Paradigm Shifts • Other Sites that Your Users Frequent • Offer Comparable Features / Capabilities • Establish Timetable • Budget

  23. Web Development • Design • Usability • Consistency • Flowchart • Hierarchical View of Site • Storyboard • Outline of Page Content • Wireframe • Layout of Page Content • Branding

  24. Web Development • Implementation • HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) • Static • Elements in Angle Brackets • Specify Size, Color, etc. • DHTML (Dynamic HTML) • Graphical Interest • Interactivity • Develop with JavaScript, CSS

  25. Web Development • Implementation • XML (Extensible Markup Language) • Elements Describe Data Passed to a Client • Ties Database Data to Web Pages • Client, Rather Than Server, Processes Data • Web Design Software • Create Web pages Without Programming • Generates HTML / Some JavaScript • Dreamweaver, Expression Web

  26. Web Development • Testing • Test Pages Against Different: • Platforms • Browsers • Versions • Monitor Resolutions • Deploy • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) • Upload / Download to / from Web Server

  27. Web Development • Maintenance • Decide What Content Needs Updating • Determine Frequency • Collect Statistics on Each Page • Elicit Feedback from Users • ROI

  28. Careers in IT • Programmer • Create, Test, And Troubleshoot Programs • Update and Repair Existing Programs • Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science • Technical Experience • Patience, Logical Thinking, Meticulous • Annual Salary of $49,000 - $89,000

More Related