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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong. Mihir Patel Deborah Park. China Before Mao. Large Western influence was forced onto China The Opium War with Britain Western Powers divided China into many sections The Western Powers left the Qing Dynasty in power because it was very weak

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Mao Zedong

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  1. Mao Zedong Mihir Patel Deborah Park

  2. China Before Mao • Large Western influence was forced onto China • The Opium War with Britain • Western Powers divided China into many sections • The Western Powers left the Qing Dynasty in power because it was very weak • Violent rebellions along with the Japanese War led to the fall of the Qing Dynastyin 1911 • The Republic of China was formed. Many political parties (Communists, Nationalists, and the Japanese) fought for power

  3. The Early Years of Mao • Born on December 26, 1893 and grew up in the village of Shaoshan (pop. 2000) • Growing up in that village gave Mao a first hand experience with poverty • At the age of 16, Mao left his village to search for better schooling. On his journeys he developed very extreme nationalist ideas. • In 1911 Mao studied the revolutionary work of Sun Yat-sen. • As he was traveling, he saw the constant struggles of the Chinese peasants with their landlords. He saw that China needed a revolution

  4. Mao Becomes More Involved • In 1921, Mao attended the First Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. • In 1923, the Chinese Communist Party formed an alliance with Sun Yat-sen and his Nationalist Party • He was appointed the Nationalist’s Executive Bureau • Mao went back to Shaoshan where he witnessed many police shootings of innocent peasants. He started to organize peasant revolution groups

  5. Mao Becomes More Involved • In 1927 General Chiang Kai-shek took over the Nationalist Party and became leader of the Republic of China • He led an anti-communist movement and killed many of them (Civil War of the Nationalists and the Communists) • In 1934, Mao and the Red Army, consisting of 90,000 people, went on a year long march called the Long March • After a year, Mao and the Red Army arrived in the Shaanxi Province with 10,000 people. This showed the Chinese people that he would make a wonderful leader.

  6. Mao Becomes More Involved • On October 1, 1949, Mao spoke in front of Tiananmen Square where he was cheered on by a huge crowd • Mao took control over China and was now the leader • This marked the start of a new era for China

  7. The Leader of China- Mao Zedong • To gain support from the peasants, Mao led land reforms from 1949-1953 • He told peasants to revolt against and kill their land lords and anyone who owned land • He led China to victory in the Korean War which showed other countries that China was indeed a rising power

  8. The Leader of China- Mao Zedong • The Great Leap Forward (1958-1962) • Solidified Mao as the leader of China • Transformed the economic and political lives of all the Chinese people • Mao used the Red Army to destroy any other political parties (nationalists, anti-communists, etc.)

  9. The Leader of China- Mao Zedong • The Cultural Revolution 1965-1976 • Mao used the Red Army to transform China culturally • Used the Red Army to kill all intellectuals so there is absolutely no opposition against him • He encouraged kids to fight against their teachers • There were no more strong political parties in China that could threaten Mao

  10. How Mao Ruled • He ruled with force by destroying anything that had the potential to oppose him • “The Little Red Book” symbolized the people’s loyalty to him • He controlled all aspects of the Chinese life (family, education, culture, economy, and politics) • Family- he encouraged people to revolt against their parents • Education- encouraged people to fight against their teachers • Culture- Cultural Revolution • Economy and Politics- The Great Leap Forward

  11. Outline - Politics • Created a one-part system that condemned any opposition: non-conformists were attacked and imprisoned, opposing political leaders were killed • Gave absolute security of his reign • Anti-Rightist Campaign • Reaction/condemnation of strong opposition (2 waves) • 500,000+ people (Intellectuals) killed • Mao realized the growing opposition (100 Flowers campaign & Lushan Conference) against his economic decisions & therefore needed to purge those ideas

  12. Outline - Economics • Great Leap Forward • Was supposed to mass produce and collectivize agriculture to surpass/match Britain’s status. Copied Stalin’s 5-Yr Plan • However: misused resources, unstable water projects • Mines, factories, plants went into full production • However: over-used workers and machines, eventually production plummeted bc overly relied on Soviet assistance, who withdrew • A positive economic result wasn’t even from Mao’s own policies • Economic policies were a failure • Millions died of starvation, growing opposition against his regime, led to several reforms: agriculture replaced industry in priority • Mao attempted to model Stalin’s economic policies, but backlashedbc of inefficiency. He eventually ruined the economy even more through the Cultural Rev. where production stopped and output decreased.

  13. Outline - Social • Land reforms – collectivization, eliminated religion, raised status of women, labor camps • Great Leap Forward. Everything was government owned • Peasants (strength of China) brought under a single party of rule, everyone was of equal status, anyone w ho opposed were eliminated • Revolution and suppression of counter-revolution • 100 Flowers Campaign – period of liberation, encouraged critiques of communist regimes • Manipulation: Used for progression in science, but at the end Mao executed those who spoke out against the regime • Cultural Revolution – only promoted nationalistic Maoist arts, denounced imperial China, millions killed • Manipulated the peoples perception to glorify Mao’s regime • Little Red Book – the people’s ‘Bible’ outlined the demeanor that was necessary, no individuality • Mao won the love of majority of his people (peasants), which was the sole reason for maintaining his regime until his death. He inspired their anger for the disparity between them and intellectuals, businessmen, industrialists etc. Communism removed that disparity.

  14. Bibliography • Frost, Bob. "CHAIRMAN MAO: PICTURE OF A DICTATOR." Black and White Photographs (2012): Biography; Aug98, Vol. 2 Issue 8, p88, 7p, 2 Color Photographs, 11 Black and White Photographs. Web. 18 Dec. 2012. • Hebsion, Rodney. "China." A History of China. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Dec. 2012. http://www.rodneyohebsion.com/china.htm. • "Mao Zedong." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 29 Dec. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. • "Mao Zedong." YourDictionary, n.d. Web. 22 November 2012. <http://biography.yourdictionary.com/mao-zedong>. • "Mao Tse-tung." 2012. The Biography Channel website. Dec 29 2012, 12:33 http://www.biography.com/people/mao-tse-tung-9398142. • Stuart Reynolds, Schram. "Mao Zedong." Britannica Biographies (2012): 1. Biography Reference Center. Web. 18 Dec. 2012 • Wang, Yi Chu. ”Sun Yat-sen." Britannica Biographies; 3/1/2012, p1, 2p (2012): 1. Biography Reference Center. Web. 18 Dec. 2012

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