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The MatLab Language

Learn fundamental concepts in MATLAB such as operators, vector and matrix operations, and control flow structures. Understand how to create vectors and matrices, perform operations on them, and use control flow statements like if, for, and while loops.

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The MatLab Language

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  1. The MatLab Language Mathematics Laboratory The MathWorks www.mathworks.com

  2. General • Comments – “%” in first column • Result Control - “;” at the end • "x=5" x = 5 • "x=7;“ • "x" x = 7

  3. General (continued) • Range Operator • "x=3:2:13" x = 3 5 7 9 11 13 • Line Continuation - three periods • Directory • "dir" announ~2.doc mathview.doc matlab_6.doc matlab~2.doc intro.m matlab.doc matlab~1.doc vector.m announ~1.doc language.m matlab1.doc matlab~1.ppt

  4. General (continued) • Print Working Directory • "pwd" ans = E:\DOC\JEFF\COURSES\BEI\SHORTC~1\MATLAB • Change Directory - cd • "cd .." • "pwd" ans = E:\DOC\JEFF\COURSES\BEI\SHORTC~1

  5. General (continued) • "cd matlab" • "pwd" ans = E:\DOC\JEFF\COURSES\BEI\SHORTC~1\MATLAB

  6. Scalars, Vectors, and Matrices • Creating a row vector • "X=[1,2,3] or X=[1 2 3] X = 1 2 3 • Creating a column vector • "Y=[1;2;3]" or "Y=[1 2 3]" Y = 1 2 3

  7. Vector / Matrix Operations • "Z=[y,2*y,3*y]" creates ? • Z = 1 2 3 2 4 6 3 6 9

  8. Indexing • "Z(2,3)=?" ans = 6 • "W=Z(1:2,2:3)" W = 2 3 4 6 • "W=Z(:,2)" W = 2 4 6

  9. Indexing (Continued) • "W=Z(2,:)" W = 2 4 6 • "Z(2,:)=[6,4,2] does ?" Z = 1 2 3 6 4 2 3 6 9 • "Z(2,:)=[ ] does ?" Z = 1 2 3 3 6 9

  10. Matrix Operations • A+B - Addition, element by element • "ZZ=[1,1,1;2,2,2]" ZZ = 1 1 1 2 2 2 • "W=Z+ZZ" W = 2 3 4 5 8 11

  11. Matrix Operations (Continued) • A' - Transpose • A*B - Matrix Multiplication • "ZZ=ZZ' " ZZ = 1 2 1 2 1 2 • "W=Z*ZZ" W = 6 12 18 36

  12. Matrix Operations (Continued) • A.*B - Element by Element Multiply • Also: A/B, A\B, A./B, A.^2 • Reserved Symbols • Scalars: pi, i, j, inf, NaN, clock, date, ans • "x=pi" x = 3.1416 • "x=i" x = 0 + 1.0000i

  13. Scalars (Continued) • "x=j" x = 0 + 1.0000i

  14. Matrices: zeros, ones, eye • "zeros(3,5)" ans = 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

  15. Matrices (Continued) • "ones(5,3)" ans = 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

  16. Matrices (Continued) • "eye(4)" - the identity matrix ans = 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1

  17. Relational Operators • "<" - less than • "<=" - less than or equal to • ">" - greater than • ">=" - greater than or equal to • "==" - test for equality • "~=" - not equal to • "&" - AND • "|" - OR • "~" - NOT

  18. Control Flow (If) if x>5 & x<8 ------- ------- elseif(x>=8) ------- ------- else ------- end

  19. Control Flow (For Loops) for k=7:21 ------- ------- end

  20. Control Flow (While Loops) k=1; while k=<10 ------- ------- k=k+1; end

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