Chemicals in the Kitchen

1. Chemicals in the Kitchen Relate the properties of kitchen utensils to their use Identify the important ingredients in cleaners and state their function.

2. Tasks: (do not copy into your notes) • Leave a blank page to do a title page for homework (due last lesson of next week) • Stick in your SLO’s (specific learning outcomes) • Stick in the periodic table

3. Properties of Kitchen utensils • The things that kitchen utensils are made of is linked to what they are used for. • Why would you use a wooden spoon instead of a metal spoon? • Why are plates made from ceramics (china) instead of paper? • Why are knives made from stainless steel instead of plastic?

4. Activity: • Mind map: you will be completing the mindmap on the next page for kitchen utensils. • We will then go through some ideas on the board

6. Important ingredients in cleaners • Abrasives: these have “sand” like particles in them and they rub off the stain. E.g. chemico cleaner, jiff, sand-soap. The wearing away or cleaning by friction. Abrasion can also relate to the wearing away of a floor finish film by friction • Soaps/detergents: these contain chemicals that help the fatty or greasy stains to dissolve. This means they can then be washed away. E.g. Palmolive soap, sunlight liquid, simply green detergent etc

7. Enzymes: enzymes help dissolve organic stains (e.g. grass, blood) by breaking them down into simpler compounds which can more easily react with water. An enzyme speeds up a reaction, but doesn’t get used up in the reaction. An enzyme is a biological catalyst. • Acids/bases: Many cleaning products are classified as "corrosive". Corrosives are defined as those chemicals that cause damage to organic material, especially human flesh. Acids and bases are all corrosive, and most cleaners are composed of acids and bases. Think about it: when cleaning, you're trying to "eat" away the dirt and grime. Most likely, the more effective a product is at eating away the dirt, the more effective it will be at eating away the skin on your hands. It will also do more damage if accidentally splashed in your eyes. • Acids are used in some toilet bowl cleaners, rust removers and hard water stain removers. • Bases are a substance used in some wax strippers, degreasers, oven cleaners and cleaners to assist in soil and finish removal.

8. Solvent: A liquid which dissolves another substance. Water is the most common solvent, but others include methylated spirits, eucalyptus oil, petrol and nail polish remover. Many of these are not recommended as cleaners for the house. • Bleaches: A product that cleans, whitens, removes stains and brightens fabrics

9. Safety procedures • Never tip chemicals directly down a sink or drain, follow the manufacturers instructions for disposal. Some chemicals may be safe to tip down a drain (think of a toilet cleaner, you don’t remove it from the water after you have cleaned the toilet). • If a chemical is spilt, use a lot of water to help dilute it as you mop it up, don’t use a dry cloth, make sure the cloth is wet when wiping and make sure you have a lot of water near by to rinse out the cloth.

10. If a chemical comes in contact with skin (including eyes), they can be painful as they can cause burns. Wash with lots of cold water. The cold water does 2 things: it dilutes the chemical and it soothes the burn. • If swallowed: follow the instructions on the packet. DON’T induce vomiting. Often the instructions will tell you to give water or milk, if they don’t, then give nothing and contact the poisons line 0800 POISONS (0800 764 766) or 111.

11. Poster Activity: • Design a safety poster to do with common household chemicals • When finished pin up on the wall