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Incubators Muna Sultan June 20, 2013 CUIN 6397 Dr. Ramsey
Objectives • Identify the events that led to the development of the first incubator • Describe how the early incubators functioned • Explain how the technology of incubators spread and who was responsible • Discuss how the incubators have changed from the early twentieth century
Early Incubators • First incubators Paris hospitals 1880 • Early design Hatch and rear poultry model • Held 2 infants • Utilized hot water chamber
Spread of Incubators • Survival rates increased • World exposition (Berlin, 1896) • Dr. Martin Couney Berin with 6 premature infants, all survived • London exhibition (1897) 3,600 people came per day
Dr. Martin Couney • Moved to U.S.- 1903 • Exhibitions Buffalo, Chicago, St. Louis, and Coney Island every summer • Expensive, free for parents, educated doctors and public • 1943 exhibitions close
Incubators Today • Premature babies in NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit), 1961, Stahlman • 1970 established parts of hospitals • Life support-systems, careful nursing, ventilators, expensive—Million dollars
Incubators Today • Babies born from higher-order multiple births • Most are single babies born early • Importance identical twins
My Daughter http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUKt0H3K6Dk
Questions • Where and when were the first incubators used? • How did the early incubators function? • How did the incubator technology spread? • When did NICU become part of hospitals? • How much do the NICU costs run today? • What types of babies are usually born premature—singleton or higher-order?
References Lienhard, J. (2006). Babies in Sideshows. Retrieved from http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi2279.htm Parker, C. Incubation. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.poultryclub.org Scottsdale Health Care. (2010). Little Miracles in the NICU. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com