Women’s Treatment: A Birds Eye View: Criminal Justice

1. Women’s Treatment: A Birds Eye View: Criminal Justice Presenters: Barbara J. Brooks, Illinois Dona Howell, Illinois Bobbie Lightle, New Mexico Angela Smith-Butterwick, Michigan

3. Who are the Women? • Throughout the Country the Rate of Women Incarcerated Grows At a Rate Twice as Fast As the Number of Men Who are Incarcerated. • Women are Less Likely To Have Committed Violent Offenses and Are More Likely To Be Convicted Of Crimes Involving Alcohol, Drugs or Property. • Most Female Offenders Who are Convicted of Drug Charges are Typically Charged Due To Their Own Usage Rather Than Drug Trafficking.

4. Who Are the Women • Many Crimes That Female Offenders Are Charged With Tend To Be Economically Driven. These Charges Are Motivated By Poverty And/Or The Woman’s Own Abuse or Alcohol and/or Drugs. • Women Who Are Incarcerated On Violent Crimes Tend to Commit These Crimes Against A Spouse, Ex-Spouse, Or boyfriend. The Women Who Commit These Violent Crimes Have Been Physically Or Sexually Abused In the Past, And Often Times The Victim Of Their Violent Crime Is The Person Whom Assaulted Them.

5. Quick Stats on Incarcerated Women • Over 1 million women are on probation (24% of all adults on probation) • More than 100,000 women are State or Federal prisoners(7% of prisoners) • Nearly 100,000 women are on parole(12% of adults on parole) • The percentage of the population that is female is growing. Sources: Bureau of Justice Statistics Probation and Parole in the United States, 2006 NCJ 220218 Tables 2 and 4 and Prisoners in 2006 NCJ 219416 Appendix Table 2

6. Incarceration Rates Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2006 NCJ 219416 Appendix Table 8 and 2 68 sentenced female prisoners under State or Federal jurisdiction per 100,000 female U.S. residents, 2006. Rates vary by race/ethnicity White women rate is 48 per 100,000 African American 148 per 100,000 Hispanic women, 81 per 100,000 Rates also vary by state and region Northeast 29 per 100,000 South 77 per 100,000 Midwest 52 per 100,000 West 67 per 100,000

7. Female Inmates under State or Federal Jurisdiction 2000 - 2006 Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2006 NCJ 219416 Appendix Table 2

8. Type of Offenses of Male compared to Female Prisoners Source: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Prisoners in 2006 NCJ 219416 Appendix Table 10

9. Offenders Sources: Bureau of Justice Statistics: Drug Use and Dependence, State and Federal Prisoners, 2004; Prior Abuse Reported by Inmates and Probationers, 1999; Incarcerated Parents and their Children, 2001. In 2004, 60.2% of women offenders under state jurisdiction met criteria for drug dependence or abuse(compared with 53% of male counterparts). 57% experienced physical or sexual abuse prior to incarceration(compared to 16% of male counterparts). 64% of mothers under state jurisdiction were living with at least one child prior to incarceration(compared with 44% of fathers).

10. At the State Level… What are WE doing to make an impact on this data?

11. Illinois Department of Corrections

12. Illinois Department of Corrections Dona Howell, MS,CRADC/MISAII Coordinator/ARMSU Addiction Recovery Management Services

13. Criminal Justice Womens Issues • Addiction is more severe than their male counterparts • More mental health and medical issues than their male counterparts • More issues with domestic violence, sexual assault, and relationship trauma • Primary care taker of children • More vocationally and educationally challenged

14. Women Need A Different Type of Treatment • Substance abuse treatment for the criminal justice woman is not one size fits all • Treatment needs to be much more global in nature addressing the myriad of ancillary needs a woman experiences • Treatment needs to be strengths based • Treatment needs to be systemic, not linear

15. Womens Treatment • Mentorship and preceptorship are even more important for criminal justice women • The level of habilitation required is extensive • Addressing those issues of childcare, housing, and employment are significant for women coming out of criminal justice settings

16. Innovative Programming Within IDOC • Women and babies program at Decatur • Job training at Decatur, Lincoln, and Dwight • Intensive substance abuse treatment programming at Decatur, Lincoln, Dwight, and Kankakee • MISA treatment at Dwight • Other innovative services for the women

17. Community Partnerships • IDOC working in collaboration with DASA to identify services in the community for women leaving facility based treatment • Exploring additional partnerships for vocational, educational, and housing opportunities • Working to reunite mothers with their children

18. Female Population Flow within IDOC Source: Analyses of IDOC data by Loyola University Chicago, Criminal Justice Department

19. Total Admissions to IDOC, By Gender Source: Analyses of IDOC data by Loyola University Chicago, Criminal Justice Department

20. Comparison of Total Female Admissions, SFY 1989 vs. 2009 Source: Analyses of IDOC data by Loyola University Chicago, Criminal Justice Department

21. Female IDOC Total Admissions, by Age Group Source: Analyses of IDOC data by Loyola University Chicago, Criminal Justice Department

22. Female IDOC Total Admissions, by Race Source: Analyses of IDOC data by Loyola University Chicago, Criminal Justice Department

23. ILLINOISTreatment Service Outcomes 1727 Women w/ Criminal Justice Referral Source completed treatment in fiscal year 2007 (with 0 arrests 30 days before admission) 3793 Women Completed Treatment 20 Women with co-occurring substance abuse and mental health diagnoses completed treatment with “incarcerated discharges”

24. New Mexico Bobbie Lightle, Program Manager Department of Human Services Behavioral Health Services Division

25. New Mexico Prisons

26. New Mexico New Mexico has two separate incarceration systems. The County jail facilities are run and financed by each county in the state. The other is the State prison system. The state system consists of ten prison locations across the state with four of the prison privately operated. This includes the Women’s Correctional Facility in Grants, NM.

27. New Mexico County Jails New Mexico Behavioral Health Services Department funds 7 jail diversion programs serving predominately co-occurring disorders. At least 20 communities have received Crisis Intervention Training (CIT) for law enforcement, first responders, and dispatchers.

28. New Mexico San Juan County – Women’s Methamphetamine 60 day Treatment Program: A jail-based methamphetamine treatment center provides evidenced-based treatment strategies and case-managed aftercare to support clients’ sobriety and recovery. The treatment strategy, sensitive to the engagement level and ability of the clients, includes individual & group therapy, life skills, substance abuse & health education, 12-Step programs, and Job Club.

29. The San Juan County DWI Program provides an alternative to traditional sentencing for DWI offenders. The program provides a 28-day treatment program for offenders housed in a 72-bed minimum security detention facility. During their 28-day stay, offenders participate in daily treatment/educational sessions. Participants are released with a personalized action plan highlighting continuing aftercare, and are monitored throughout this aftercare component by case managers for up to a year.

30. New Mexico State Prisons– 760 average total female population NM Department of Correction has a Re-Entry Office. The Mission Statement: Female Offender Services are committed to providing a balanced system to female offenders in assisting them in their transition from incarceration to community based services by providing POWER = Programming Opportunities which are Women-centered for Effective Re-entry Reducing Re-offending.

31. New Mexico Substance Abuse Programs The Addiction Services Bureau provides a comprehensive range of addictions treatment programs to NMCD inmates. Treatment modalities include therapeutic communities, intensive outpatient services, outpatient addiction services recovery program. There are therapeutic community programs at every prison complex in the state.

32. New Mexico Female Offender Programs (Camino Nuevo) An office of female offender services focuses on providing a gender responsive environment for education, career counseling, vocational training and life skills. Oversight is provided in conjunction with the Probation and Parole Division for the community-based New Mexico Women’s Recovery Academy, a residential program for female paroles, probationers and their children. A new program on opportunities for women for effective reentry has 316 participants.

33. New Mexico The newly opened Camino Nuevo Correctional Center focuses on gender specific training for staff and includes a female oriented therapeutic community, self esteem concerns, trauma familiar to the female population, nutrition for women, parenting skills designed for incarcerated women, work release, programs, and re-entry initiatives that meet the needs of females upon release.

34. Michigan’s Services Angela Smith-Butterwick Women’s Treatment Specialist Michigan Dept. of Community Health, Bureau of Substance Abuse & Addiction Services (BSAAS)

35. Female Offenders • In FY 2008, there were 1,932 female state inmates in Michigan. • Of those 1,932, 289 were serving sentences for alcohol or drug related offenses. • 992 of those female inmates were between 20-44 years of age. • 625 were identified as white • 707 were identified as non-white

36. Women’s Huron Valley Correctional Facility (WHV) Accepts females, all ages Only women’s prison in Michigan, located in Washtenaw County Offers all facets of the Michigan Prisoner Re-entry Initiative Gender specific programming Access to SUD Treatment, Mental Health services, religious services

37. Residential Substance Abuse Treatment Outcomes for Women In FY 2008, 86 women were admitted for treatment. During the same year, 53 successfully completed programming. In FY 2009, 39 women were admitted for treatment. 68 women successfully completed treatment in FY 2009.

39. Wish List Better collaboration between Dept. of Corrections and BSAAS Recognition that the solution to substance use disorders is not a longer sentence Expansion of programming for female inmates beyond the basics of RSATS

40. Audience Discussion