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L’Impressionisme 19e siècle
Impressionism was a 19th century art movement that began as a loose association of Paris-based artists, who began exhibiting their art publicly in the 1860’s. The name of the movement is derived from the title of a Claude Monet painting, called Impression, Sunrise.
Impressionist artists felt the new technology of Photography was ruining the art of painting. They felt the need to create a new style of painting in which accurate rendering of the subject was not the main focus.
The Impressionists changed the approach to painting by recreating the sensation in the eye that views the subject, rather than recreating the subject.
Characteristics of Impressionist painting include: • Visible brushstrokes • Light Colors • Emphasis on Light and the changing qualities of it • Ordinary Subject Matter • Unusual Visual Angles • Open Compositions
The Changing Qualities of Light Haystack - Morning Haystack-Mist
Techniques of Impressionists • Short, thick strokes of paint. • Colors are applied side-by-side with as little mixing as possible, creating a vibrant surface. • The optical mixing of colors occurs in the eye of the viewer. • Grays and dark tones are produced by mixing complementary colors. In pure Impressionism the use of black paint is avoided. • Wet paint is placed into wet paint without waiting for successive applications to dry, producing softer edges and an intermingling of color.
Painting in the evening to get effets de soir - the shadowy effects of the light in the evening or twilight. • The surface of an Impressionist painting is typically opaque. • The play of natural light is emphasized. • In paintings made en plein air (outdoors), shadows are boldly painted with the blue of the sky as it is reflected onto surfaces, giving a sense of freshness and openness that was not captured in painting previously.
Masters of Impressionism • Claude Monet – Lily ponds & Gardens • Auguste Renoir – People Outdoors • Edgar Degas – Dancers and Theater • Camille Pissarro – Cities and Streets • Alfred Sisley – Rivers and Landscapes • Mary Cassatt- Mothers and Children
Monet painted… Water lilies…
Renoir painted…. The Boating Party - People Outdoors
Edgar Degas • Considered the master of drawing the human figure in motion • Known for paintings of ballerinas • Drew scenes of horse races and race tracks
Degas is famous for… Dancers
Mary Cassatt was an impressionist. • She was an American. • She painted mothers and children. • She had no children of her own. • She was friends with Degas, who also is an impressionist.
Mary Cassatt painted… Children on the Beach
Paintings by Camille Pissarro Self Portrait
Décrivez le tableau (painting)—les vêtements, les personnes, leurs expressions, etc.
Décrivez le tableau (painting)—la fille, ses vêtements, son expression, etc. Little Girl With a Watering Can
