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Chapter 14

Chapter 14. Floor-Plan Symbols. Links for Chapter 14. Walls and Partitions. Stairs. Doors and Windows. Fireplaces. Cabinets and Fixtures. Other Floor Plan Symbols. Introduction. Symbols are used on floor plans to describe items that are associated with the home

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Chapter 14

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  1. Chapter 14 Floor-Plan Symbols

  2. Links for Chapter 14 Walls and Partitions Stairs Doors and Windows Fireplaces Cabinets and Fixtures Other Floor Plan Symbols

  3. Introduction • Symbols are used on floor plans to describe items that are associated with the home • Floor plan should be easy to read and uncluttered • See figure 14.2

  4. Wall Symbols • With CADD, walls are drawn to the exact thickness • Studs are vertical construction members used for framing walls • A 2 X 4 is actually 1 1/2” x 3 1/2” • A 2 X 6 is actually 1 1/2” x 5 1/2”

  5. Walls and Partitions • Draw exterior wood walls 6” • Draw exterior masonry walls with an additional 5” for a total of 9 1/2” • Draw partitions (interior walls) 4” thick • The soil stack wall should be drawn 8”; the soil stack is a vertical soil pipe carrying the discharge from the toilet fixture

  6. Walls and Partitions • What is drywall? • What is gypsum? • Masonry veneer used on interior walls

  7. 7" 5" 1/ 2" G YP SU M 1/ 2" G YP SU M EX TE RI OR IN TE RI OR EX TE RI OR IN TE RI OR 2X 6 ST UD 2X 4 ST UD 1/ 2" S HE AT HI NG 1/2 " S HEA THI NG SI DI NG SI DI NG TY PI CA L 2 X 6 TY PI CA L 2 X 4 EX TE RI OR W AL L EX TE RI OR W AL L 2X 6 AS N EE DE D 9 1/ 2" 1/ 2" G YP SU M 1/ 2" G YP SU M IN TE RI OR BO TH S ID ES EX TE RI OR EX TE RI OR 6 1/ 2" 2X 4 ST UD IN TE RI OR 1/2 " S HEA THI NG TY PI CA L 4" M AS ON RY 2X 4 ST UD S 4 1 /2" 1" A IR S PA CE EX TE RI OR W AL L IN TE RI OR W AL LS WI TH M AS ON RY V EN EE R Walls and Partitions

  8. Wall and Partitions • Walls are shaded so they stand out from the rest of the drawing • This is referred to as poché, is commonly done on the back of the drawing to avoid smudging and should be done last • Wall shading should be the last drafting task performed

  9. Wall and Partitions • Partial walls are at least 36” above the floor and defined with a note • Guardrails are noted and at least 36” tall with no more than 4” between rails

  10. Door Symbols • Exterior doors are drawn with sill on the outside about 1/16” away • Main door is usually 3’-0” • Other exterior doors are 2’-8” • Most doors are 6’-8” tall

  11. Door Symbols • Interior doors are drawn without a sill • Utility rooms 2’-8” • Bathrooms 2’-4” to 2’-6” • Other rooms 2’-6” to 2’8” • Closets 2’-0” to 2’-4”

  12. Door Symbols • ADA specifies that all doors be 36” wide • Pocket doors slide into the wall and require no swing • Bipass door is used on a closet and one door slides behind the other

  13. Door Symbols • Bifold doors are used for a closet and open independently • Double-entry or French doors is for a formal entryway

  14. Door Symbols • Glass sliding doors save floor space and are for a more contemporary house • Double-acting doors are between a kitchen and eating area

  15. Door Symbols • Dutch doors open at the top and the bottom • Accordion doors are used for a closet

  16. Door Symbols • Garage doors range from 8’-0” to 18’0” wide and 7’-0” high • The open position is shown as dashed lines

  17. Window Symbols • The sill is drawn on both the inside and outside of the window • Windows range in size from 2’-0” to 12’-0” at intervals of 6” • Size of the window depends on its purpose and if it should open or not

  18. Window Symbols • Casement windows are able to be opened 100 %

  19. Window Symbols • Pictorial windows have two windows that slide vertically

  20. Window Symbols • Awning windows are used in basements or below a fixed window

  21. Window Symbols • Fixed windows are larger and do not open or close

  22. Window Symbols • Bay windows extend beyond the wall and can extend from the floor to the ceiling or contain a bench

  23. Window Symbols • Garden windows are usually in a kitchen or utility room • Skylights add natural light and are drawn with dashed lines on the floor plan

  24. Schedules • Schedules are used to describe items on the floor plan and include: • Manufacturer • Product name and model number • Type and color • Quantity and size • Rough opening

  25. Schedules

  26. Kitchens

  27. Bathrooms

  28. Utility Rooms

  29. Wardrobe Closets

  30. Stairs

  31. Stairs • Minimum stair width is 36” • Tread depth should be 10” to 12” • Risers range between 4” and 7 1/4” • Stair angle should be between 30° and 35° • Landings should be equal to the width of the stairs

  32. Stairs • Clear height of 6’-8” is the minimum amount of headroom • Handrail should be between 34” and 36” above the stair nosing • Guardrails should be at least 36° and have openings no greater than 4”

  33. 2R + T = 24”-25” R + T = 17”-17 1/2” R X T = 70” to 75” R = Riser dimension T = Tread dimension Stair Design Formulas

  34. Stair Floor Plan • DN = Down, UP = Up, R = Risers • Rise is one tread and Run is one riser • Always one less run than rise • Stair length = tread length X number or runs • Landings are at least 36” x 36”

  35. Stair Floor Plan

  36. Fireplaces

  37. Fireplaces Opening Opening Unit Width Height Depth 36 24 22 40 27 22 48 30 25 60 33 25

  38. Fireplaces • Steel fireplaces are prefabricated and circulate air into the room • Vent-free gas fireplaces use ceramic logs to increase efficiency without mess and labor • A cleanout is a small door in the floor that allows ashes to be dumped into a hollow cavity.

  39. Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances

  40. Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances • Combustible floors must be protected • Walls must be adequately protected with a 7” airspace • A screened closable vent must be installed within 24” of the appliance • A catalytic converter may need to be installed if there are pollution requirements

  41. Other Floor Plan Symbols • Hose Bibb - Outdoor water faucet • Concrete Slab - Used for garage floor, patio, and driveways

  42. Other Floor Plan Symbols • Attic and Crawl Spaces - Access can be placed in a closet or hallway • Floor Drains - Used to accumulate water on a floor

  43. Other Floor Plan Symbols • Cross-Section Symbols - Shows the location on the floor plan where a cross-section is taken

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