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Applications of Mendel

Applications of Mendel. Dominant/Recessive. For every gene/characteristic an individual possesses two inherited copies (alleles) One maternal, one paternal EXAMPLE: Inherited attached earlobes allele from mom, unattached earlobes allele from dad

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Applications of Mendel

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  1. Applications of Mendel

  2. Dominant/Recessive • For every gene/characteristic an individual possesses two inherited copies (alleles) • One maternal, one paternal • EXAMPLE: Inherited attached earlobes allele from mom, unattached earlobes allele from dad • In cases of Mendellian inheritance, allele is dominant, one is recessive

  3. Which is dominant? • EXAMPLE: Attached vs. Detached earlobes • Possible gene combinations: • 2 attached genes (dd) • 1 attached, 1 detached (Dd) • 2 detached genes (DD)

  4. Predicting inheritance… • Punnett squares

  5. Punnett Square DD d d

  6. Practice with Mendel • Cross a pea plant with round peas (Rr) with a pea plant with wrinkled peas(rr) • Cross a pea plant with green pods (Gg) with itself (Gg)

  7. Genotype/Phenotype • Genotype: DD, Phenotype: Detached earlobes • Genotype: dd, Phenotype: Attached earlobes • Genotype: Dd, Phenotype: Detached Earlobes Genotype is actual gene combination Phenotype is the observed trait

  8. Genotype/Phenotype • Mary has the phenotype brown eyes and curly hair. Can we know her genotype based on this information? • Mary has the genotype Bb for eye color and CC for hair curl. B is for dominant brown, C is for dominant curly. Can we know her phenotype based on this information?

  9. Homozygous/Heterozygous • Homo=same • Hetero=different • Heterozygous means two different alleles • Ex: earlobes (Dd) • Homozygous means two of the same allele • Ex: earlobes (DD) or (dd)

  10. George has freckles. Can you tell if he is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant for this trait? • George is heterozygous for freckles. Freckles are a dominant trait. Can you tell his phenotype given this information?

  11. Wildtype/Mutant • Wildtype: most commonly occurring in nature • Mutant: A deviation from the wildtype, a less common allele

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