1 / 31

MSK Questions

MSK Questions. Type of collagen in bone?. Type 1 collagen (also in skin) Type 2 collagen in Cartillage ( Collagen + Ground substance / Proteoglycan). What cells produce cartillage & what cells maintain it?. Produce Chondroblasts Maintain Chondrocytes.

muncel
Download Presentation

MSK Questions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. MSK Questions

  2. Type of collagen in bone? • Type 1 collagen (also in skin) • Type 2 collagen in Cartillage ( Collagen + Ground substance / Proteoglycan)

  3. What cells produce cartillage & what cells maintain it? • Produce • Chondroblasts • Maintain • Chondrocytes

  4. What are the 3 types of cartilage & where are they • Hyaline • Joint surfaces • Elastic • External ear, Epiglottis • Fibrocartilage • Joints with not much movement • (Pubic symphysis, Intervertebral disks, Glenoid labrum of shoulder)

  5. What is a bursa & what causes bursitis • Bursa • Fluid filled sac • that provides friction free movement between bones & tendons or muscles • around a joint • Bursitis • Inflammation of sac • Due to repetitive use, trauma or systemic arthritis

  6. What is osteoarthritis & what are its risk factors • Osteoarthritis • Degenerative condition • Loss of articular cartilage & synovitis due to inflammation • Risk factors • Idiopathic • Trauma • Inflammatory disease • Joint defects • Age (biggest) • Gender • Race • Bone mass • Obesity

  7. What is Rheumatoid arthritis & Risk factors • RA • Chronic, Systemic inflammation • Involves synovial joints • Risk factors • Autoimmune (RhF + IgG ATTACK) • Gender (Women 2-3x more at risk) • Age • Genetic predisposition Fun Fact: High RF – More severe & active the joint disease

  8. Major RA & OA signs at the joint RA OA Osteophytes (abnormal bony outgrowths) Reduced joint space Bony cysts Eburnation (bone exposed & worn) • Inflammation • Reduced joint space • Lax tendons & ligaments • Erosion of bone • Degeneration of cartillage • See these typically on hand or wrist radiographs All due to Pannus Tissue invasion

  9. What is gout • Hyperuricaemia (high uric acid in the blood) • Causes deposition in joints, tendons & soft tissues & therefore inflammation • (un)Fun Fact • Attack normally occurs in 1st metatarsal joint • This becomes swollen, red & shiny

  10. What is nursemaid’s elbow • Aka – Pulled Elbow • Radial head dislocation • As head isnt fully formed • Dislocates through annular ligament

  11. Identify where the carpal bones are

  12. What are the carpal bone Scaphoid LunateTriquetral Pisiform HamateCapitate TrapezoidTrapezium

  13. Why is a scaphoid fracture bad? • Because it hurts! (Obv) • Avascular Necrosis common complication • Distal blood supply • Therefore closer to wrist, worse outcome

  14. Most common fracture of the thumb • Bennett’s • Proximal metacarpal 1

  15. What is the golden rule of Anterior forearm innervation • Everything is MEDIAN n. • EXCEPT • Flexor Carpi ULNARIS (Ulnar) • Flexor DigitorumProfundus (medial ½ is Ulnar!)

  16. What is the golden rule of Posterior forearm innervation • Everything is RADIAL n.

  17. What are the boundaries to the Cubital Fossa • Floor • Brachialis & Supinator • Roof • Fascia & Bicipitalaponeurosis • VEINS for venepuncture (Median Cubital Vein – which links Cephalic & Basalic)

  18. What can you palpate in anatomical snuffbox • Scaphoid (Tenderness = Fracture!) • Radial artery (palpable pulse) • Radial styloid process • Trapezium • Base of 1st metacarpal

  19. What is the golden rule of hand muscle innervation • Everything is ULNAR n • Except • Thenar muscles (ones by the ….) • Lumbircals 1 & 2

  20. What passes through the carpal tunnel • 9 flexor tendons • Flexor digitorumsuperficialis (x4) • Flexor digitorumprofundus (x4) • Flexor pollicislongus • Median N

  21. What is carpal tunnel syndrome, and how does it cause these symptoms? • Compression of the median n. which runs through the tunnel • Therefore • Sensory loss • Thenar wasting • Ulnar doesn’t go through the tunnel (goes through Guyons canal)

  22. Draw BASIC blood supply forearm & hand

  23. At the wrist, what tendons are these arteries next to • Ulnar • Flexor Carpi ULNARIS - Under or lateral • Radial • Flexor Carpi RADIALIS - Lateral

  24. BONUS Q • Which artery supplies most of the blood to the hand?

  25. How does damage to T1 root present • Wasting of small muscles of the hand • Dorsal Interossei Wasting • Possible cause • Pancoasttumour • Cervical Rib

  26. Nerve to these 3 sensory areas& possible injury to them

  27. X MEDIAN X X RADIAL X X ULNAR X X X X X

  28. How do you lose powerful elbow flexion? • Loss of Musculocutaenous N • Muscles supplies: Brachialis, Bicep Brachi, (coracobrachialis)

  29. What is Klumpke’s Palsy • C8 & T1 Root damage/compression • What happens? • Paralysis & wasting ALL small muscles of hand (1st dorsal interosseus) • Clawing digitis 2-5

  30. What is Erb’s Palsy Erbs Palsy • C5 & C6 damage • E.g. childbirth injury • Results • ‘Waiters tip’ appearance upper limb

More Related