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Trends in Caregiving. Rhonda J. V. Montgomery, Ph.D. University of Kansas. Caregiving is the cornerstone of our long-term care system. We know:. Families provide 80% of long term care Nursing home is last choice for care Most caregivers are women NOT ALL CAREGIVERS ARE ALIKE.
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Trends in Caregiving Rhonda J. V. Montgomery, Ph.D. University of Kansas
We know: • Families provide 80% of long term care • Nursing home is last choice for care • Most caregivers are women • NOT ALL CAREGIVERS ARE ALIKE
Diversity among Caregivers • Gender • Generation • Culture • Caregiving context
What they do When they do it How they do it How long they do it Diversity of Caregiving
Spouse Emotional Emotional Banking Banking Errands / Shop Errands / Shop House Tasks House Tasks
Spouse Emotional Emotional Banking Errands / Shop House Tasks Personal Care
Child Emotional Emotional Banking Errands / Shop House Tasks Personal Care
Adult-Child Emotional Emotional Financial Errands / Shop House Tasks Personal Care
CareSharing: Wives B S H B P S O H 80% 20%
B S O H H P Care Sharing Husbands B S H P 70% 20% 10%
B T O H P Care Sharing: Daughter B T O H P 70% 30%
Care Sharing:Son B S O H B P s O H 55% P 45%
Comparing Careers CHILD SPOUSE
Basic Premises of Markers Model of Caregiving Careers • There is no single, generic caregiver role • Caregiving role emerges from prior role relationships • Role influenced by the unique values, beliefs and circumstances • Consequently there are: • Consistencies in the caregiving process. • Unique adaptations.
Premises of Marker Model • Caregiving is a dynamic process that unfolds over time • The length of career varies • Requires a change in identity
Caregiving Career Markers • 1. Performing caregiving tasks • 2. Self-definition as a caregiver • 3. Performing personal care tasks • 4. Seeking assistance and formal services • 5. Consideration of nursing home placement • 6. Placement in nursing home • 7. Termination of caregiving
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 Caregiving career: child
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 Caregiving Career : Spouse
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #2 Comparing Career Markers 70 60 H 50 O 40 U CHILD 30 R 20 S 10 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 YEARS #6 #5 #4 #3 SPOUSE
Diversity of Burdens • Difficult tasks/Physical Health • Time for other responsibilities • Task Overload • Privacy • Loss of Roles • Isolation • Financial Burden • Guilt