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Progress in CALICE tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL R&D

Progress in CALICE tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL R&D. Felix Sefkow DESY ALCPG Workshop at SLAC January 7, 2004. Imaging Calorimetry. Precision physics: best possible detector Particle flow: best jet energies ↔ minimum calorimetry Imaging calorimeter: new ideas & technologies

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Progress in CALICE tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL R&D

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  1. Progress in CALICE tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL R&D Felix Sefkow DESY ALCPG Workshop at SLAC January 7, 2004

  2. Imaging Calorimetry • Precision physics: best possible detector • Particle flow: best jet energies ↔minimum calorimetry • Imaging calorimeter: • new ideas & technologies • challenging granularities • sensitivity to (de)tails: need test beam data • Prepare to make the best choice ZHHg qqbbbb Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  3. This talk • LCcal: hybrid ECAL combine the virtues of scintillator and silicon for energy and position measurements • CALICE: the analogue HCAL branch explore to how to best use amplitude and position information of scintillator tiles for particle flow Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  4. Outline • LCcal test beam results • CALICE • reconstruction software studies • test beam studies with the minical • preparation of the physics prototype Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  5. CALICE collaboration • 164 Physicists, 26 Institutes, 9 Countries: 3 Regions • Si W ECAL: see • France, UK, Czech, Russia, Korea H.Videau’s talk • Analogue tile scintillator HCAL: • Germany, Czech, Russia • Digital HCAL options: see • Scintillator: US G.Blazey’s & V.Zutshi’s talks • RPCs: US, Russia , Korea L.Xia’s talk • GEMs: US A.White’s talk • “EFLOW”, software: “all” Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  6. Cluster reconstruction in hadronic showers use energy deposition pattern to classify, longitudinal sampling crucial - at all depths V.Morgunov Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  7. Optimize prototype geometry • vary depth and width of fine segmented area 3, 6, and 12 cm for flexibility V.Morgunov, A.Raspereza Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  8. Two showers: cluster separation • cluster overlap for 3x3 cm tiles very close to 1x1 cm case • prototype with ~8000 channel will work like one with 3x3 cm everywhere (35k ch. equiv.) ↔ vary transverse gran. V.Morgunov, A.Raspereza Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  9. Tail catcher • de-tails matter – 10 or 15 % to be recovered @ 20GeV A.Raspereza Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  10. TailC Segmentation study resolution: • affects mostly constant term • stochastic term 30 +- 1 % other considerations: particle ID & PFLOW → freedom for optimization A.Raspereza Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  11. More software work started • from cluster to full shower reconstruction and two-particle separation • test beam run strategy • Move to Mokka framework and LCIO • real data entities added and LCIO converter for minical data ready Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  12. 0.5 cm active 2 cm steel MiniCAL Main goals: • Gain experinece with larger # of channels • Develop hardware understanding in simulations • 27 layers • SiPMs and APDs, MA-PMs for reference • Cosmics and DESY electrons (1…6GeV) Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  13. e+ Detector Cassettes SiPMs mounted directly on tile, single tile readout Tile size: 5x5x0.5 cm3 1-loop fiber placed in groove (not glued) Single tiles covered by 3M reflector 1 cell = 3 tiles combined in depth for PM and APD Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  14. PM 1 PM 2 PM 3 Calibration (PMs) • with cosmics and e beam “MIP” • reproducibility at 6-8% level – after LED monitoring correction (per PM) • single channel monitoring prepared • exercise; LED monitoring mandatory for APD runs E.Garutti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  15. 42m 20m pixel h Resistor Rn=400 k 1 pe 0 pe Al R 50 Depletion Region 2 m 2 pe substrate 3 pe Ubias 4 pe The Silicon Photomultiplier • A pixilated solid state Geiger counter • 1000 pixels on 1mm2 • Gain few x 10**6, efficiency 10..15% • At 50..60 V bias voltage B.Dolgoshein Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  16. Si PM noise • low noise confirmed with 108 channel minical: 4*10-3 hits /event above ½ MIP • corresponds to 24 Hz per channel or < 1 hit / event in physics prototype (150 ns gate) (70 ns gate) B.Dolgoshein E.Garutti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  17. Si PM calibration spread for 108 SiPM + tiles (Ru106 source) B.Dolgoshein Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  18. Energy resolution • Si PMs and PMs similar, MC to be refined Fit function: Fit values for PM / MC a = 0.1  0.2 / 0.4  0.1 b = 21.0  0.4 / 17. 1  0.1 E.Garutti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  19. Beam position SiPM non-linearity, MC implement max # pixels ph.e statistics in MC: A.Raspereza • red and • black points • should agree B.Dolgoshein Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  20. Measured SiPM saturation • longer pulses (WLF) • effective max # of pixels > 1024 B.Dolgoshein Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  21. E/E 1/E, GeV Data vs MC status • linearity resolution B.Dolgoshein E.Garutti • shower shapes and low E part to be worked on Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  22. Electronics tests • not having to resolve single ph.e peaks for calibration significantly loosens demands on FEE • study possible use of (modestly modified) ECAL chip • 18 channel ASIC with MUX output to ADC first prel. tests: broadening due to SiPM noise corr. to 0.6 ph.e Si PM on Dubna test board with LAL HCAL chip I.Tyapkin Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  23. APDs APD S8550 • lower gain, higher efficiency • critical: stability/monitoring • low noise preamps • stable (10-4) HV p/s at hand, tested • LED monitoring being prepared • 4 different preamps available and tested signal dependence on Ubias, T at high gain: 15%/V, 11%/K J.Cvach Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  24. Gain spread Characteristics of 40 APD tested @ CERN (CMS test room): • quantum efficiency = 77.5% (500nm) •  stable at 1% level • capacitance ~30pF at 400V • gain vs voltage: •  ~50% gain variation at V = 415V •  reduced with APD pre-selection •  no single APD voltage adjustment • on board required E.Garutti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  25. U=405V, M= 200, T=290C U=410V, M=130 , T=29.50C • 12 APD tested • homogeneity 6% • 1 APD used to read out 3-4 tiles APD Homogeneity test G.Eigen Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  26. Facing minical from beam side cell 3 cell 2 absorber plate cell 1 beam tile 5x5 cm2 Beam window 5.5 cm APDs in the minical • Beam positioned in the tile centre with accuracy better than ± 1 cm • Ebeam = 1 – 6 GeV in 1 GeV steps, T = 25°C, Ubias = 415 V LAL preamp J.Cvach Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  27. Energy resolution with APDs • Good linearity, small systematic deviation in the slope • Fit values PM APD MC P1 0.1 ± 0.2 0.5 0.4 ± 0.2 P2(%) 21.0 ± 0.4 24.4 17.1± 0.1 • reasons for worse resolution: • noise of APD • lower tile light yield (estimate: 17 ph.e./tile) • tile alignment ( alignment with beam) • calibration J.Cvach Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  28. Pre-amp Boards (source test) Charge sensitive Minsk preamp Voltage sensitive Praguepreamp ped Sr MIP Sr MIP ped LED LED • - gate adjustment : 90% signal contained • 300 ns 120 ns • noise comparison: s(ped)/(MIP-ped) • 5.0/85 = 0.06 12.4/82 = 0.15 • MIP resolution:s(MIP)/(MIP-ped) • 36.4/85 = 0.42 42.3/82 = 0.52 G.Eigen, E.Garutti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  29. Mechanical structure K.Gadow Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  30. Layer structure adjustable gaps 2*2mm module box part of absorber 2*1mm flatness tolerrance K.Gadow Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  31. Moving parts K.Gadow Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  32. Design of 1 m2 RPC plane Top view no SS cups Bottom view 1000x1030 mm2 - lateral dimensions 970 x 970 mm2 – glass area 960 x 960 mm2 – sensitive area Weight ~ 40 kg 96x96 = 9216 pads in total 8 anode RPC PCBs of 240x530 mm2 24x48 = 1152 pads on each RPC prototyping • at IHEP, Protvino: test uniformity • other activities: • optimization • RPC minical • test beam electronics • prepare RPC test in B=5T magnet at DESY V.Ammosov Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  33. RPC optimization • Comparison avalanche vs. streamer mode • pad multiplicity and energy resolution Geant 3 m= 2 1.4 1 V.Ammosov Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  34. CALICE tile HCAL summary • Transition from table-top R&D to proto-typing • Ongoing minical e testbeam program • successful operation of 108 SiPMs • progress in detector understanding and simulation • ingredients for coming APD tests at hand • Physics prototype is taking shape • granularity defined, explore analogue and semi-digital option • electronics being specified following minical experience • versatile stack mechanics designed (for tiles, RPCs & more) • A hadron calorimeter test beam experimental program with a rich potential ahead Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  35. LCcal collaboration • INFN R&D project, • DESY R&D project PRC R&D 00/02 • Contributors (Como, LNF, Padova, Trieste): M. Alemi, M.Bettini, S. Bertolucci, E. Borsato, M. Caccia, P.Checchia, C. Fanin, J. Marczewski, S. Miscetti, B. Nadalout, M. Nicoletto, M. Prest, R. Peghin, L. Ramina, E. Vallazza. • thanks to S.Miscetti and A.Bulgheroni for their slides Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  36. Calorimeter Layout Total of 45 layers 27 X0 Absorber Silicon pad detectors 25 x 25 x 0.3 cm3 Scintillator 3 layers 725 Pads ~ 1 x 1 cm2 2, 6 and 12 X0 25 Cells 5 x 5 cm2 A.Bulgheroni Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  37. 1st batch: ~ 10 2nd batch: ~ 15 3rd batch: ~ 18 Silicon sensors • problems with impurities and leakage solved • theoretical expectation SNR ~ 22 • mostly FEE A.Bulgheroni Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  38. Beam tests • at Frascati • and CERN S.Miscetti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  39. More test beam results • position resolution • beam multiplicity? • e / π separation • longit. and lateral shower shape S.Miscetti Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  40. Shower reconstruction: Two track separation 30 GeV e- PH @ 2X0 @ 6X0 Pad Tracked particle Pad Ghost tracks A.Bulgheroni Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  41. Granularity considerations Pad size ~ Shower size 0.9 ~ 0.7 can improve resolution with smaller pads x [cm] x [cm] 1st layer 2nd layer x [cm] x [cm] Pad size < Shower size 0.9 < 1.6 A.Bulgheroni Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

  42. LCcal summary and plans • Test beam program successfully completed • Energy and position resolution as expected • Finalizing analysis: shower reconstruction,… Next: • include in general LC simulation and reconstruction framework • combined test with HCAL • engineering study for full detector Felix Sefkow CALICE Tile HCAL and LCcal ECAL Report

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