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Understand affine space concepts, points vs. vectors, coordinate systems, differential elements, and transformations in physics and math conventions.
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§1.1.4Affine space (points) Christopher Crawford PHY 416G 2014-09-05
Outline • Affine space – linear space of pointsPoints vs. vectors – comparison and contrastPosition vectors, displacement, differentialAffine combinations, transformations • Cylindrical and spherical coordinatesCoordinate & component transformationsCoordinate lines and surfacesDifferential line (dl), area (da), volume (dτ) elements
Affine Space – points • Points vs. vectors: coordinates vs. components • Position vector • Operations on Points / Vectors • Point + displacement • Head - tail
Weighted points • Weighted point as a vector • Center of mass • Linear errors • Affine transformation
Summary: Points vs. Vectors • Operations • Affine combination • Basis • N+1 vs. N • Decomposition • Coordinates vs. components • Transformations • Affine vs. linear • Fields / Differential / Integral • Parameterization vs. field (coordinates)
Cylindrical & Spherical coordinates • Coordinate transformation • Physics vs. math convention; singularities • Can you mix coordinate systems? • Component transformation
Cylindrical & Spherical coordinates • Differential elements
Example • Position vector as a field in different coordinates