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Pronoun and Antecedent Agreement. Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement. Person, number, and gender in pronoun-antecedent agreement. Person Singular Plural First I we Second you you Third he, she, it they
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Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement • Person, number, and gender in pronoun-antecedent agreement. • Person Singular Plural First I we Second you you Third he, she, it they • Gender: 1) Masculine: he, him, himself; 2) Feminine: she, her, herself; 3) Neuter: it, itself
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement • 1) Antecedents joined by and usually take plural nouns. • Ex: Anne and Jane sold their textbooks. • Ex: Mr. Keeble and I cannot settle our dispute. • Exception: When the compound antecedent refers to single person, idea, or thing, then the pronoun is singular. • Ex: My brother and friend offered his help.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement • 2) When parts of an antecedent are joined by orornor, the pronoun agrees with the nearer part. • Ex: Either Anne or Jane left her umbrella. • When one antecedent is plural and the other singular, the sentence will be awkward unless you put the plural antecedent second. • Ex: Neither the principal nor the parents have made their choice.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement • 3) With an indefinite word as antecedent, use a singular or plural pronoun as appropriate. • Ex: Neither of the Girl Scouts paid her fee. (Neither is singular.) • Ex: Each of the men succeeded in his chosen career. (Each is singular.) • Ex: Everyone took his or her seat. (Everyone is singular.) • Ex: All the students took their seats. (All is plural.) • Avoid using the pronouns he, him, and his to refer to antecedents of unspecified gender.
Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement • 4) Collective noun antecedents take singular or plural pronouns depending on meaning. • When the group acts as one unit, the pronoun is singular. • Ex: The herd of cows is too cramped in its small pasture. • When the members of a group act separately, the pronoun is plural. • Ex: The couple divided their belongings.