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1. Virus Structure Bacterial Cells Diseases The Immune System Wildcard! 1pt 1 pt 1 pt 1pt 1 pt 2 pt 2 pt 2pt 2pt 2 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 3 pt 4 pt 4 pt 4pt 4 pt 4pt 5pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt 5 pt

2. Which of the following describes viruses?a. cause insect-borne diseases b. can be destroyed by antibiotics c. have rigid cell walls d. must be reproduced in living cells

3. Which of the following describes viruses? d. must be reproduced in living cells

4. What is the most common threat to a host organism posed by an invading virus? A Production of viral fluids in the bloodstreamB Fermentation of acids in the digestive systemC Destruction of cells by viral reproductionD Stimulation of muscle tone in the heart

5. What is the most common threat to a host organism posed by an invading virus? C Destruction of cells by viral reproduction

6. What is the name of this cycle?

7. The Lytic Cycle

8. What is this? (Give its specific name)

9. A bacteriophage

10. What is the purpose of the part labeled D?

11. The part labeled D attaches the virus to a cell so that it can inject its DNA

12. What is the name and purpose of this process?

13. Binary fission – asexual reproduction

14. What is the function of the flagella in this bacterium?

15. What is the function of the flagella in this bacterium? Movement

16. B A C Look at the bacteria labeled below.Which one is most likely to be called Streptococcus pyogenes?

17. B A C Look at the bacteria labeled below.Which one is most likely to be called Streptococcus pyogenes? C

18. Name two ways that bacteria can be beneficial to other living things.

19. Name two ways that bacteria can be beneficial to other living things.Help with digestionUsed in food productionNitrogen-fixing bacteria in the roots of plantsBreak down dead matter - decomposers

20. After 16 hours, what is the approximate number of living bacteria?

21. After 16 hours, approximately 4.8 hundred million bacteria are living

22. Most viruses infect a specific kind of cell. Which of the following are infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? F Helper T cellsG Liver cellsH GABA-receptor cellsJ Red blood cells

23. Most viruses infect a specific kind of cell. Which of the following are infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? F Helper T cells

24. Which of the following could be controlled by antibiotics? A The bacterium Escherichia coliB The fungus Trichophyton rubrumC The Polio virusD The algae Fucus vesiculosus

25. Which of the following could be controlled by antibiotics? A The bacterium Escherichia coli

26. What is a pathogen?

27. What is a pathogen?A disease-causing agent, like a virus or bacteria.

28. All of the following symptoms are likely associated with bacterial infection except —F skin rashes or lesionsG elevated body temperatureH swollen glands or tissuesJ increased red blood cell count

29. All of the following symptoms are likely associated with bacterial infection except —J increased red blood cell count

30. Bacteria can cause disease in two ways. One way is by breaking down our body’s cells as food. What is the other way?

31. Bacteria can cause disease in two ways. One way is by breaking down our body’s cells as food. What is the other way? Releasing toxins that travel through the body and damage our cells

32. What is the function of the immune system?

33. What is the function of the immune system? To destroy any cells or substances that are not your own.

34. Your immune system recognizes the bacteria, virus, and cancerous cells below as not belonging to your body. What is a name given something your body recognizes as an “invader”?

35. Antigens- bacteria, viruses, cancer or any non-self cells that the immune system attacks.

36. What are two things involved in the non-specific defense part of your immune system?

37. What are two things involved in the non-specific defense part of your immune system?

38. What type of cell produces antibodies?

39. What type of cell produces antibodies? B-Cells

40. What is the purpose of a vaccine? (be specific!)

41. What is the purpose of a vaccine? To cause the body to produce memory B cells that can quickly form antibodies if the body is exposed to that antigen again.

42. Cows and other ruminants are herbivorous animals. Their diet includes cellulose, which must be fermented before it can be digested. Which of these aid in the fermentation of cellulose in a cow’s digestive system?a. Bacteria b. Fungi c. Algae d. Viruses

43. Cows and other ruminants are herbivorous animals. Their diet includes cellulose, which must be fermented before it can be digested. Which of these aid in the fermentation of cellulose in a cow’s digestive system?a. Bacteria

44. Which system of the body would be directly affected if a large number of T-cells were attacked by a virus? A Cardiovascular system B Immune system C Endocrine system D Respiratory system

45. Which system of the body would be directly affected if a large number of T cells were attacked by a virus? B Immune system

46. Which of the following cannot metabolize nutrients?

47. Which of the following cannot metabolize nutrients?

48. How do the cell walls of Eubacteria differ from the cell walls of Archaebacteria?

49. The cell walls of Eubacteria contain peptidoglycan.

50. Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are prokaryotes. What does this mean?