John Sohl

1. TITANIC John Sohl The Unsinkable Ship of Dreams A Historical Overview: • Fulfilling the Dream • Her Maiden Voyage • That Fateful Sunday • A Deadly Encounter • Death of a Titan • Rescue and Aftermath • Historical Impact • Discovering the Legend • Approaching a Century

2. Fulfilling the Dream • Plan formed: Summer 1907 • J. Bruce Ismay and Lord Pirrie • 3 ships devised: Olympic, Gigantic, and Titanic • Construction began 3-31-09 • Titanic largest of its time, weighing 26,000 tons • Olympic was damaged in accident with BRN cruiser • Delayed Titanic • Over 15,000 Irish shipyard workers Under Construction

3. Fulfilling the Dream • Thomas Andrews designed blueprints • 16 watertight compartments; unsinkable • $7.5 million to build, $123 million today • 4 funnels, one was fake • Captain Edward Smith – last voyage, retirement • 892 crew members – sea men, firemen, engineers, saloon stewards, bedroom stewards, and chefs Under Construction

4. Her Maiden Voyage • Deemed “Unsinkable” by many • Departed South Hampton 4-10 • Near collision with the New York; Bad Omen? • Traveled to Cherbourg, France for passenger pickup • Left Queenstown, Ireland on April 11, embarking on its Maiden Voyage • Tickets - $430 first; • $65 second; • $35 third class • About 2,207 people on board; inaccurate Titanic at it’s Finest

5. That Fateful Sunday • Church services began peaceful Sunday • Ice warnings via Morse Code; ignored • Significant warnings Sunday until as late as 11 PM Captain Edward J. Smith

6. That Fateful Sunday • Strong cold breeze; Lifeboat drill cancelled • Last 2 boilers lit Sunday morning; 22 knots • Captain Smith altered course; did not slow down • A clear night; hard to see icebergs Captain Edward J. Smith

7. A Deadly Encounter • 45 minutes after last warning • lookout Frederick Fleet spots berg at 11:39 • First Officer Murdoch: “Stop! Full speed astern!” • Closed watertight doors ordering hard a’starboard • Only 37 seconds passed from sighting to impact First Officer William Murdoch

9. A Deadly Encounter • Iceberg over 60 feet tall • Riveted plates popped open; not 300 foot gash • First 6 compartments flooded; only 4 would stay afloat • Better if Titanic had impacted berg head on

10. A Deadly Encounter Thomas Andrews • Thomas Andrews – confirmed ship was doomed • Would sink within two hours • CQD & SOS distress signals were sent: 12:10 AM • Only Carpathia, at 58 miles, responded; no hope for rescue

11. Death of a Titan • Only enough lifeboats to save half • Ordered Women and Children First: 12:25 AM • As little as 12 people in a Lifeboat • Only 2 boats filled to capacity • Third Class locked down below deck

12. Death of a Titan • Bow sinks below waterline: 1:15 AM • Unknown steamer seen on horizon; never responded • 1500 people still left on board: 2 AM • SOS messages sent as late as 2:17 AM; never gave up • Orchestra played to the end Approximately 2:15 AM Stern at highest point

13. Death of a Titan • Stern plunged into ocean, dozens crushed • Lights went out 2 minutes before it sank • Weight of boilers too much for steel keel; broke in half • Stern bobbed for a couple minutes; sank at 2:20 AM • Hundreds left screaming in water; • By 3 AM all was quiet

14. Rescue and Aftermath • Only one boat returned to sight • Carpathia came to aid as fast as possible • Only 706 people survived • Mystery Ship seen by both Titanic and Californian • Radio turned off on Californian • Newspaper headlines next day: “Titanic Sunk, No Lives Lost” • Ship to Ship Wireless; inaccurate • Bodies buried at sea or recovered

15. Rescue and Aftermath J. Bruce Ismay Rescued by Carpathia and later Californian • J. Bruce Ismay survived, called to Inquiry and Full Investigation on Titanic disaster • US and British recommendations and requirements • Men were shunned for surviving • Ismay lost job of director of White Star Line; disaster “ruined his life”

16. Rescue and Aftermath

17. Historical Impact • Lifeboats required to carry 25% more than passengers on board • Ice warnings never ignored again • No ice disasters since • Regular Lifeboat drills • SOS - standard distress signal; importance of wireless realized • Theories of raising the Titanic soon formed; none practical • Movies, like James Cameron’s Titanic attempt to portray that terrible night

18. Discovering the Legend • 73 years passed • 1985 Dr Robert Ballard • Debris Field easier to search • Learned that Ship was in two pieces and lost all funnels Alvin shines its light on the long lost Ship of Dreams

19. Discovering the Legend • Titanic discovered at 12,460 feet deep • About ten minutes for ship to sink to bottom • Over 2 ½ hrs descending with Submarine Alvin • Stern section almost 2,000 feet away; unrecognizable

20. Discovering the Legend • Bodies long gone; shoes left in their place • Over 13 miles away from sinking position • Piece of hull plating was raised in 1998 • Plaque left, declaring wreckage a grave site The Memorial Plaque The Titanic’s Journey until finding it’s eternal resting place

21. Approaching a Century • Almost 100 years have passed since that fateful night in April • Story of Titanic has captivated the interest of millions • History feels more like fiction with this event • The dignity and true value of the human being was shown so much On April 15, 2012, the Titanic Quarter in Belfast will be completed to memorialize the 1500 who lost their lives a century before.

22. Approaching a Century • Bravery and Self-sacrifice gave the world a new perspective of humanity • As time passes, the story of the Titanic strengthens • Fascination for this tragedy will not die out anytime soon • Eventually, the ship will decay, but its story will remain with us forever On April 15, 2012, the Titanic Quarter in Belfast will be completed to memorialize the 1500 who lost their lives a century before.