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Unit Six:

Unit Six:. World War I. Essential Questions. How did MANIA create WWI? In what ways did the “war to end all wars” change the landscape of Europe politically, economically and culturally?. Militarism- Navy. Britain vs. Germany Competition to create the most Dreadnoughts Britain makes 29

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Unit Six:

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  1. Unit Six: World War I

  2. Essential Questions • How did MANIA create WWI? • In what ways did the “war to end all wars” change the landscape of Europe politically, economically and culturally?

  3. Militarism- Navy • Britain vs. Germany • Competition to create the most Dreadnoughts • Britain makes 29 • Germany makes 17 • Germany starts making U-Boats

  4. HMS Dreadnought

  5. Militarism- Army sizes 1914 • Britain- 975,000 • Russia- 5,971,000 • France- 4,017,000 • Germany- 4,500,000 • Austria-Hungary- 3,000,000 • Italy- 1,251,000 • Japan- 800,000 • USA- 200,000

  6. The Alliance System • Dual Alliance (1879) • Triple Alliance (1882) • Germany, Italy, Austria • Franco-Russian Alliance (1892) • Triple Entente (1907) • G.B., France, Russia

  7. Nationalism

  8. Imperialism in Africa

  9. Imperialism in Asia

  10. The British Empire 1909

  11. Antagonist Journalism (Propaganda)

  12. Propaganda- When the media or government promotes a certain idea or doctrine.

  13. The Steps toward war • Balkan troubles • Series of civil wars ends exclusive control by the Ottomans between 1878-1914 • Leads to increased pressure for control by Austria and the creation of many small countries

  14. The Balkans 1878

  15. Balkan Wars-several small nations gained Ottoman controlled territories

  16. Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Sent to Sarajevo • Inspect and secure city • Potential “threat” was neighboring Serbia

  17. The Assassination: Sarajevo

  18. The Assassin: GavriloPrincip

  19. Who’s To Blame?

  20. July Ultimatum • Franz Josef, leader of Austria-Hungary, makes series of ten demands against Serbia • Serbia fulfills eight out of the ten demands • July 28th 1914, Austria Declares war!

  21. Activating the Alliances • July 31st, Russia backs Serbia, declares war on Austria • August 1st , Germany declares war on Russia • August 3rd, Germany declares war on France • August 4th, Britain declares war on Germany

  22. Enthusiasm for War!

  23. Schlieffen Plan • Plan was to : • Invade/conquer France before Russia can mobilize. • Germany invades Neutral Belgium, on August 3rd • When done, Germany stalls in Belgium

  24. Schlieffen Plan

  25. Battle of the Marne • September 5-12, 1914 • German advance which is halted by allied forces • Allies push Germans back, ending the idea of a quick war • Over 200,000 casualties on both sides

  26. The Western Front

  27. Trench Warfare

  28. Verdun – February, 1916 German offensive. Each side had 500,000 casualties.

  29. The Somme – July, 1916 -60,000 British soldiers killed in one day. -Over 1,000,000 killed in 5 months.

  30. Eastern Front • Russia vs. Germany and Austria • Russia mobilizes and advances • Russia gains much territory

  31. Battle of Tannenberg • Germany vs. Russia • Germans win because of… • Using railroads to transport troops • Listening to Russian radio transmissions • Germany loses 20,000; Russia loses 140,000

  32. German pushes • Germany advances into Russia. • Germany and Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

  33. October (Bolshevik) Revolution • November 7, 1917 • Overthrew the Czar and put a communist government in charge of Russia. • By 1922, Russia is known as the USSR or the Soviet Union

  34. Communism!

  35. New Technologies

  36. Maxim Machine Gun • Used by… Germany, USA, Britain, France, Austria, Russia

  37. Artillery- ex. Big Bertha

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