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Matter: Properties and Changes

Learn about matter, its properties, and how it can change states. Discover the different states of matter - solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. Explore the physical and chemical properties of matter and understand its mass, volume, and density.

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Matter: Properties and Changes

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  1. Do Now: What do you know about matter? Look around the classroom and write down as many things made of matter as possible.

  2. Unit 2:Matter Lesson 1: What is matter?

  3. What is matter? • Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space (big/small, dry/wet, visible/invisible, etc.) • Mass: the amount of matter that makes up an object (measured in grams) Still paper… And STILL paper PAPER…

  4. Give examples of each…

  5. How can matter change? • States of Matter: can be solid, liquid, gas or plasma

  6. How can matter change? • State of matter: SOLID • Has definite shape and volume • (holds its form) • Particles are very close together • Examples: • Chair, desk, drinking glass, pencil, etc.

  7. How can matter change? • State of matter: LIQUID • Has definite volume but NOT definite shape • Takes the form of the container that holds it • Particles are far enough apart to move • Examples: • water, juice, oil, etc.

  8. How can matter change? • State of matter: GASES • No particular shape or volume • Particles are far apart & move quickly • Examples: • oxygen, nitrogen, helium, “air” in general, etc.

  9. How can matter change? • State of matter: PLASMA • Basically a gas BUT… …Particles have electric charges • Meaning they can conduct electricity • Not very common on Earth • Examples: • Lightning • fire • fluorescent/neon light tubes http://www.notorious-mag.com National Geographic Magazine Photo

  10. What is matter? • WEIGHT: measures the pull of gravity on an object • Changes as gravity changes • not the same weight on Earth and moon • MASS: amount of matter in an object • Does not change based on gravity • Same mass on Earth and the Moon

  11. What is matter? • Physical properties: can be seen or measured without changing the substance into something else • Examples of possible physical properties: • malleable, ductile, shiny, solid, able to be dissolved, conduction of heat or electricity, magnetic, freezing point, boiling point, etc. • Malleable: able to be pounded into sheets • Ductile: able to be made into wire

  12. What is matter? • Volume: the amount of space that something takes up • Liquid= milliliters =mL • Solid= cubic centimeters =cm • volume = length x width x height • v = l * w * h 3

  13. What is matter? • Density: a measure of the amount of matter in a given space • Density = mass per unit of volume • Density = mass / volume • Example: 30/15=2g/1cm • Density is 2 grams in each cubic centimeter 3 Cube of Lead: Cube of cork: = 3 3 1 * 1 * 1 = 1 cm 1 * 1 * 1 = 1 cm = 11.35 grams 0.24 grams Tightly packed particles Loosely packed particles

  14. What is matter? • Chemical properties: tells how the substance forms new substances when it reacts with something else. • Examples of possible chemical properties: • Flammable (wood 🡪 ash) • Rusting (iron 🡪 oxygen) • Cannot burn (water) • etc.

  15. What is matter? Q: Would the mass of a clay ball change it the clay is spread into the shape of a pancake? Explain. A: No, the mass of an object remains the same and does not depend on the object’s shape. Q: What are one chemical and one physical property of iron that make it useful for pots and pans? A: Chemical-not flammable, Physical-good conductor of heat.

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