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BERTRAND RUSSELL. (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970). Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell British philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician, pacifist, anti-war activist, and anti-imperialist.
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BERTRAND RUSSELL (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970)
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl RussellBritish philosopher, historian, logician, mathematician,pacifist, anti-war activist, and anti-imperialist. He wrote the essay “On Denoting" and was co-author (with Alfred North Whitehead) of Principia Mathematica, an attempt to ground mathematics on the laws of logic. Both works have had a considerable influence on logic, mathematics,set theory,linguisticsandanalytic philosophy.
ANCESTRY • The Russells had been prominent in Britain for several centuries. • His paternal grandfather John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, had twice been asked by Queen Victoria to form a government, serving her as Prime Minister in the 1840s and 1860s. • Russell's parents were quite radical for their times. Both were early advocates of birth control at a time when this was considered scandalous. • John Stuart Mill, the Utilitarian philosopher, stood as Russell's godfather. Mill died the following year, but his writings had a great effect upon Russell's life.
LATER LIFE AND MARRIAGES • His mother and his sister died when he was 2-years old. • His father died when he was only 4 years old. • He grew up in the care of his grandparents. • He had a scholarship and came under the influence of Alfred North Whitehead. • He married high-minded Alys when he was 22. After this marriage, he married also three different women. • He had 3 children, John, Katharine, and Conrad.
Russell spent the 1950s and 1960s engaged in various political causes, primarily related to nuclear disarmament and opposing the Vietnam war. • The 1955 Russell-Einstein Manifesto was a document calling for nuclear disarmament. • Russell is generally considered as being one of the founders of analytic philosophy. • Russell had great influence on modern mathematical logic. • He discovered a paradox,known as Russell’s Paradox. • He developed Theory of types. • Theory of types and much of his work had influence on computer science and information technology. • Russell's last significant work in mathematics and logic, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, was written by hand while he was in jail for his anti-war activities during World War I.
In 1949, he is awarded by the Order of Merit. By the following year he was awarded Nobel Prize in Literature. • One day, Russell said he didn't feel well and remained in bed. He died of influenza before the doctor arrived.
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