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IP address is the technique which of computer technology designed to allow one computer or other digital device to communicate with another in the Internet. • It allows the billion of computer connected together digital devices that are connected to the Internet to be pinpointed and differentiated from other devices with their internet protocol services. • IP provides two types of services such as primitives and parameters.
IP services Primitives and Parameters • A primitives specifies the what kinds of function to be performed and the parameters are used to determine the data and control information.
Precedence:A measure of a datagram’s relative importance. Eight level of precedence are used. IP will attempt to provide preferential treatment for higher-precedence datagram. • Reliability:One of two levels may be specified: normal or high. A high value indicates a request that attempt that attempts be made to minimize the like hood that datagram will be lost or damaged.
Delay:One of two levels may be specified: normal or low. A low value indicates a request to minimize the delay that this datagram will experience. • Throughput:One of two levels may be specified: normal or high. A high value indicate a request to maximize the through for the datagram.
The protocol between IP entities is best described with reference to the IP datagram format, the fields are as follows:
Version (4 bits):Indicates version number, to allow evolution of the protocol. • Internet header length (IHL) (4 bits):Length of header in 32 bits words. • Types of services (8 bits):Specifies reliability, precedence, delay and through put parameters.
Total length (16 bits):Total datagram length, in octets. • Identification (16 bits):A sequence number that, together with the source address, destination address, and user protocol, intended to identify a datagram uniquely. Thus, this number should be unique for the datagram’s source.
An IP addresses consist of 4 numbers, each of which includes three digits separates with a single dot (.); each four number can be range from 0 to 255. • Here an example what IP addresses look like: – 117.206.206.26 • Make sure your computer will be secure no matter what kinds of IP address you use.
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