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Understanding Client/Server Architectures in Computing

Explore different client/server architectures, from mainframes to distributed databases, with a focus on user interfaces, business logic, communications, and storage.

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Understanding Client/Server Architectures in Computing

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  1. Mainframe Architecture Terminal (Display/Keyboard) Mainframe (Host) - Communications • User Interface • Business Logic - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Terminal (Display/Keyboard) Terminal (Display/Keyboard)

  2. Source: http://www.cs.ncl.ac.uk/events/anniversaries/40th/webbook/photos/index.html

  3. Stand-Alone PC Architecture Personal Computer or Workstation • User Interface • Business Logic - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files)

  4. File Sharing Architecture Client • User Interface • Business Logic - DBMS - Communications - Operating System File Server - Communications - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Client • User Interface • Business Logic - DBMS - Communications - Operating System Local area network

  5. “Classic” Client/Server Architecture Client - User Interface - Business Logic - Communications - Operating System Database Server - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Client - User Interface - Business Logic - Communications - Operating System Local area or wide area network

  6. Client/Server Interaction Database Server - Storage (DB Files) - Operating System • DBMS • DB Listener - Communications Client PC - User Interface • Business Logic • DB Driver - Communications - Operating System SQL Request Server Response

  7. Three Tier Client/Server Architecture Variation 1: Application Server Applications Server - Business Logic • Operating System • DB Driver - Communications Client - User Interface - Communications - Operating System Database Server - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Client - User Interface - Communications - Operating System Local area or wide area network

  8. Three Tier Client/Server Architecture Variation 2: Transaction Processing Server Transaction Processing Server - Transaction Processor • Operating System • DB Driver • Communications Client - User Interface - Communications - Operating System Database Server - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Client PC - User Interface - Communications - Operating System Local area or wide area network

  9. Distributed Database Architecture Database Server (Node) - Application(s) - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Database Server (Node) - Application(s) - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Database Server (Node) - Application(s) - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Local area or wide area network

  10. Open DataBase Connectivity (ODBC) Application ODBC API ODBC Oracle ODBC Driver Sybase ODBC Driver Oracle DB Driver Sybase DB Driver Oracle RDBMS Sybase RDBMS

  11. Web Access to DBMS Client User Interface: Web Browser HTML Forms JavaScript Communications: TCP/IP Operating System Web Server - HTTP Server - Web Application - Internet Comm: TCP/IP - DB Comm.: DB Driver - Operating System Database Server - Communications - DBMS - Operating System - Storage (DB Files) Local area or wide area network 1) Client PC running web browser submits a query via an HTML form to the web server 2) Web server / application uses CGI to unpack query and pass it to the DB Driver 3) Web app. uses DB Driver to package the query and send it to the DB Server 4) Query is processed and results returned to web app. 5) Web app. formats results as HTML and web server send back to web browser

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