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Hedonic Regressions. Price indices, quality control, and valuation of public services. Some Theory. Multiple characteristics of goods Ala carte or combination platter From Industrial Organization, think of bundling Contribution/value of specific attributes Value of crash safety in car price
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Hedonic Regressions Price indices, quality control, and valuation of public services
Some Theory • Multiple characteristics of goods • Ala carte or combination platter • From Industrial Organization, think of bundling • Contribution/value of specific attributes • Value of crash safety in car price • value of school quality in home price • Equilibrium of Supply and Demand
Early Hedonics • Frederick Waugh - Quality Factors Influencing Vegetable Prices (1927) • Andrew Court - Hedonic Price Indexes with Automotive Examples (1939) • Gregory Chow - Technological Change and the Demand for Computers (1967)
Formulate a Model • What determines the Price of Asparagus? • Anything that shifts supply or demand • Characteristics of the vegetable • Time of year • “Good” year - weather, crop disease, insect infestation • Tastes and preferences • Income • Population
Formulate a Model • What relationships do you expect? • Does price rise or fall with “Green”? • Does it rise or fall with “Nostalks”? • Does it rise or fall with “Disperse”? • Are marginal effects of characteristics constant? • Do marginal effects of some characteristics depend on other characteristics?
Waugh’s Data • http://research.umbc.edu/~coates/ec611/Waugh.txt • Open Excel or Quattro • Copy the data from the web browser • Paste it into Excel and parse it into separate columns • Save as a text file (tab delimited) • Read into Stata using the insheet command
Waugh’s Data • Determined price, size and color variation, and the number of stalks in bundles of asparagus • Price is price of a bundle relative to daily average price • controls for seasonal and day-to-day changes • Size measured as the variation in the diameter of the stalks in the bundle
Waugh’s Data • Color measured as the number of inches of green on the stalks • Number of stalks in a bundle
Check the Data • 4 variables, 200 observations • Find Means and Standard deviations • Find correlations
Issues of estimation method • Heteroskedasticity? • Autocorrelation? • Simultaneity? • Omitted variables? • Endogenous regressors? • Correct functional form?
Regression • Linear model • Interpretation • Statistical significance • Economic significance • Semi-log model • What happens to observations? • Interpretation
Regression • Log-log model • Interpretation • Significance
Summary • Formulate a Model • Literature • Theory • Gather Data • Check data • Descriptive statistics
Summary • Estimate the Model • Test specification • Test hypotheses • Write it up