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Exploring Energy Forms: Kinetic & Potential Energy

Understand sources and uses of energy forms, calculate kinetic and potential energy, and grasp energy transfers in systems. Discover key energy concepts for practical applications.

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Exploring Energy Forms: Kinetic & Potential Energy

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  1. 15.1 Energy and Its Forms

  2. Energy Unit Objectives • Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic. • Relate kinetic energy to an object’s mass and its velocity. • Relate and object’s gravitational potential energy to its weight and height relative to the surface of the Earth. • Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy. • Describe the transfer of energy that occurs as energy changes from kinetic to potential within a system. • Compare the efficiency of systems. • Classify the different ways to store energy and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant.

  3. Can You Do This??? • I can identify the major forms of energy and give an example of each. • I can calculate the kinetic energy of an object. • I can calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object. • I can classify examples of kinetic and potential energy. • I can explain kinetic and potential energy transfers in examples of roller coasters, pendulums, and falling objects.

  4. How the Book Explains Energy

  5. Speaking of Energy Drinks

  6. Energy and Work • Energy is the ability to move matter (do work). • Work is the transfer of energy from one object to another. Demonstration!!!

  7. Energy Unit Objectives • Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic. • Relate kinetic energy to an object’s mass and its velocity. • Relate and object’s gravitational potential energy to its weight and height relative to the surface of the Earth. • Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy. • Describe the transfer of energy that occurs as energy changes from kinetic to potential within a system. • Compare the efficiency of systems. • Classify the different ways to store energy and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant.

  8. Can You Do This??? • I can identify the major forms of energy and give an example of each. • I can calculate the kinetic energy of an object. • I can calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object. • I can classify examples of kinetic and potential energy. • I can explain kinetic and potential energy transfers in examples of roller coasters, pendulums, and falling objects.

  9. Kinetic Energy • Most types of energy can be classified into two types: Kinetic and Potential. • Kinetic energy is energy of motion. • Kinetic energy depends on the: • Mass of the object. • Velocity of the object.

  10. Kinetic Energy KE = ½ mv2 1)Find the kinetic energy of a bullet with a mass of 0.03 kg and a velocity of 400 m/s. Given: Work: Formula: Answer:

  11. Potential Energy • Potential energy is the energy that is stored in a object due to its condition or position. • Most PE is caused by gravity and is called gravitational potential energy.

  12. Gravitational Potential Energy • Gravitational Potential Energy is stored energy due to gravity. • Depends on three things: • Gravity • Mass • Height

  13. Gravitational Potential Energy PE = mgh 1)What is the potential energy of a 0.5 kilogram apple that is 5 meters from the ground? Given: Work: Formula: Answer:

  14. Kinetic and Potential Energy Transfer

  15. Closure and Summary • Questions, Comments, Concerns??? • Class Work: • KE and PE Practice Problems • Summary Questions • What three things determine the gravitational potential energy of an object? • What does “g” always equal?

  16. Objectives • Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic. • Relate kinetic energy to an object’s mass and its velocity. • Relate and object’s gravitational potential energy to its weight and height relative to the surface of the Earth. • Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy. • Describe the transfer of energy that occurs as energy changes from kinetic to potential within a system. • Compare the efficiency of systems. • Classify the different ways to store energy and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant.

  17. Kinetic and Potential Energy • Roller Coaster Physics Article and Animation

  18. Later…

  19. Elastic Potential Energy • Elastic Potential Energy is energy stored in an object that will return to its original shape. Hyperlink

  20. Demonstration

  21. Forms of Energy 1. Mechanical energy is the sum of an objects kinetic and potential energy. 2. Thermal energy is the energy contained in the motion of the particles of matter.

  22. Forms of Energy 3. Chemical energy is the energy contained within the chemical bonds of matter. 4. Electrical energy is energy associated with electric charges (moving electrons).

  23. Forms of Energy 5. Electromagnetic energy (light) is a form of energy that travels in electromagnetic waves. 6. Nuclear energy is energy contained within the nuclei of atoms.

  24. Forms of Energy 7. Sound energy is energy that travels as waves through matter. 8. Magnetic energy is the energy contained within magnets.

  25. Review • What is work? • What is the difference between kinetic energy and potential energy? • What is the formula for KE? • What is the formula for PE? • Name and describe the two types of potential energy. • As a group, name the eight forms of energy.

  26. Kinetic and Potential Energy • Roller Coaster Physics Article and Animation

  27. Closure & Summary Summary: Other than potential or kinetic energy, what is one type of energy and give an example (you cannot use an example from this class – that’s called cheating – come up with your own).

  28. Objectives • Describe sources and common uses of different forms of energy: chemical, nuclear, thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic. • Relate kinetic energy to an object’s mass and its velocity. • Relate and object’s gravitational potential energy to its weight and height relative to the surface of the Earth. • Distinguish between examples of kinetic and potential energy. • Describe the transfer of energy that occurs as energy changes from kinetic to potential within a system. • Compare the efficiency of systems. • Classify the different ways to store energy and describe the transfer of energy as it changes from kinetic to potential, while the total amount of energy remains constant.

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